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energy > energy > Flashcards

energy Flashcards

1
Q

what is internal energy

A

the total energy stored by particles making a substance or system

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2
Q

what is specific heat capacity

A

amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 degree celcius

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3
Q

specific heat capacity of water

A

4200j/kg degrees celcius

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4
Q

what also happens to materials that need to gain lots of energy in their thermal energy stores to warm up

A

they transfer loads of energy when cooling down as they store alot of energy

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5
Q

what equiptment is required in a specific heat capacity practical

A

-power supply
-heater
-ammeter
-thermometer
-block of material
-insulation material

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6
Q

what energy store is movement

A

kinetic store

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7
Q

energy is transferred to a kinetic store when..

A

an object speeds up

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8
Q

energy is transferred away from a kinetic store when

A

object slows down

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9
Q

what energy store is a raised object

A

gravitational potential energy

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10
Q

the higher an object is lifted..

A

the more energy is transferred to gravitational potential energy

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11
Q

falling object

A

transfers energy from gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy

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12
Q

stretching transfers to..

A

elastic potential energy

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13
Q

definition of energy

A

the ability to do work

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14
Q

can energy be created or distroyed

A

no it can only be tranferred between different objects

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15
Q

open system

A

system where mass can be lost or gained from the environment

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16
Q

closed system

A

a system where it does not allow transfer of mass in or out of the system

17
Q

definition of work done

A

amount of force applied for an object to move

18
Q

two types of work done

A

mechanical and electrical

19
Q

mechanical work done

A

force to move an object

20
Q

example of mechanical work done

A

kicking a ball
(movemnt of feet is a chemical energy which transfers to the ball which is kinetic energy)

21
Q

electrical work done

A

when current flows energy required to overcome resistance in a wire

22
Q

what reduces frictional forces

A

lubricants eg oil on a pedal bike to stop the heavy friction

23
Q

what happens when energy is trasnferred between stores

A

some energy is dissipated “wasted energy” eg- phone heating up when using it does not help the phone to work

24
Q

definition of power

A

rate of doing work

25
Q

whats power measured in

A

watts

26
Q

energy transfer for a closed system

A

energy can be transferred between energy stores within a closed system eg a spoon in a hot flask of soup

27
Q

how is thermal conductivity measured

A

how quickly energy is transferred through a material

28
Q

what does it mean by a material having a “high thermal conductivity”

A

the transfer of energy between their particles is at a faster rate

29
Q

what is the job of insulation

A

reduces the rate of energy transfer by heating

30
Q

4 examples of insulation

A

cavity walls,loft insulation,double glazed windows,draught excludes

31
Q

definition of convection

A

heat is transferred through gas and liquid

32
Q

definition of conduction

A

heat is lost through a solid

33
Q

name a pro and a con for using cavity walls

A

having the air in the middle stops conduction however the air can alow convection to happen.

34
Q

what will make cavity walls more efficient

A

putting insulating foam in the middle of both walls

35
Q

problem with friction

A

it reduces efficiency of energy transfer-unwanted energy such as heat

36
Q

definition of efficiency

A

using less energy to perform the same task

37
Q

the less energy that is wasted..

A

the more efficient the device is said to be

38
Q

how to improve effieciency

A

insulating objects,lubricants or making them more streamlined

39
Q
A

energy (2 decks)

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