energy Flashcards
energy
energy is the ability to do work
define potential energy as stored energy
potential energy is a type of stored energy that is not currently being used but has the ability to do work in the future
example of potential energy as stored energy
a battery
what is gravitational potential energy
energy that is related to an objects position above the ground. it is the energy an object has due to height and the force of gravity
what is chemical potential energy
its stored in the bonds of chemical compounds. it is released during chemical reactions
what is elastic potential energy
stored in objects that can be compressed or stretched. when these objects return to their original shape, the energy is released
example of transformations from potential and kinetic energy into other forms of energy
in a roller coaster ride, the potential energy at the top of the hill is converted into kinetic energy as the coaster speeds down the slope
what is luminous
something that can produce its own light
what is non luminous
something that cant produce its own light but can reflect light
how are images formed
images are formed by the reflection of light rays
how are images formed in lenses
images are formed through refraction of light rays
how are images formed by the human eye
images are formed by the human eye through the process of light entering our eye and being focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina at the back of our eye
how do glasses and contacts improve eyesight
by refracting the light
how do sunglasses use the visible spectrum to see through objects while protecting your eyes
by selectively filtering out certain wavelengths of light
describe sound as a series of vibrating air particles
when something makes a sound it creates vibrations in the air. these vibrations travel in waves causing the air particles to bump into eachother passing the energy along
describe how sounds are produced by a variety of musical instruments
when someone plays an instrument the air around it vibrates in many unique ways. eg. when u pluck a guitar string, it vibrates back and fourth creating sound waves
reflection
when light bounces off an object
rarefraction
the reduction of an items density, the opposite of compression
refraction
the change in the direction of a wave passing from one medium to another
longitudinal
a wave that moves in the same direction as the vibration that produced it. it moves back and fourth in the same direction as the wave
transverse
a wave that moves perpendicular to the direction of the vibration that produced it. a wave where the particles of the medium move up and down while the wave moves horizontally
frequency
how many waves per second
amplitude
the height of a wave from the middle position to the top
wavelength
the length from one wave peak to the next peak
