Energy Flashcards
What is a longitudinal wave
Energy travelling parallel to the direction of travel.
What is a transverse wave
Energy vibrating perpendicular (up and down) in the direction of travel
how are different forms of energy, such as heat, electricity, light and sound, are transferred.
Energy is transferred in the form of a wave
Explain how different energy’s are transferred through different mediums.
Energy is transferred through vibrations of air particles, and in water it is the vibration of water particles and in electromagnetic waves energy is transferred through electric and magnetic fields.
What is the difference between heat and temperature
Temperature is a measurement of the average kinetic energy of particles in an object. Heat is a flow of energy from an object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower temperature.
In heat what is convection
Convection is the transfer of heat from one place to another due to the movement of fluid.
What is conduction
Conduction is the process by which heat is transferred from the hotter end to the colder end of an object.
What is radiation
thermal radiation, process by which energy, in the form of electromagnetic radiation, is emitted by a heated surface in all directions and travels directly to its point of absorption at the speed of light
Explain how the human eye transfers light to create an image.
When light hits the retina (a light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the eye), special cells called photoreceptors turn the light into electrical signals. These electrical signals travel from the retina through the optic nerve to the brain. Then the brain turns the signals into the images you see.
Label parts of the eye and recall them
Cornea: The cornea is the clear outer part of the eye’s focusing system located at the front of the eye. Iris: The iris is the colored part of the eye that regulates the amount of light entering the eye. Lens: The lens is a clear part of the eye behind the iris that helps to focus light, or an image, on the retina.
how does sound transfer through the ear
Sound waves enter the outer ear and travel through a narrow passageway called the ear canal, which leads to the eardrum. The eardrum vibrates from the incoming sound waves and sends these vibrations to three tiny bones in the middle ear.
How do we produce speech
Speech occurs when air flows from the lungs, up the windpipe (trachea) and through the voice box (larynx). This causes the vocal cords to vibrate, creating sound. Sound is shaped into words by the muscles controlling the soft palate, tongue and lips.
Why do sound waves move faster through solids than liquids or gases
Sound travels fastest through solids. This is because molecules in a solid medium are much closer together than those in a liquid or gas, allowing sound waves to travel more quickly through it.
Relate frequency, wavelength and amplitude of sound waves to pitch and loudness.
The amplitude, or height of the sound wave determines its loudness. The wavelength is the distance between two waves and affects the wave’s frequency. Frequency determines the pitch of the sound. A higher frequency means a higher pitched sound.
How is sound produced
Sounds are made when objects vibrate
What is reflection
When a ray of light approaches a smooth polished surface and the light ray bounces back
What is refraction
The refraction of light is the bending of light rays as they pass from one medium to another, thereby changing the path of the rays. Refraction occurs due to a change in the speed of the light ray or wave.
How do different mediums affect the speed of light
Light is slowed down
What are the properties of light
The properties of light are refraction, reflection, diffraction, interference, dispersion, polarisation, and scattering.
What is the difference between a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave
Transverse waves cause the medium to move perpendicular to the direction of the wave. Longitudinal waves cause the medium to move parallel to the direction of the wave.
What is an aerophones
The vibration of the lips and the breath, which causes air particles to vibrate.
What is an idiophone
Where two pieces can be struck, rubbed, shaken or plucked to produce vibrations
What is a Membranophones
When membrane is struck with a hand or a stick to create vibrations
