Energy Flashcards
Kinetic energy
Energy stored in moving objects
Formula for kinetic energy
E=0.5 x m x v^2
Elastic Potential Energy
The energy stored in a stretched spring
Formula for EPE
E=0.5 x k x e^2 k=spring constant e=extension(m) extension is directly proportionate to force but is limited
Gravitational Potential Energy
energy stored in an object due to its position above the earths surface
Formula for GPE
Ep=m x g x h
g= gravitational field strength
Specific Heat Capacity
the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of the substance by 1’c
Formula for SHC
triangle e=m x c x triangle 0
triangle e=change in thermal energy
c=SHC
triangle 0=temp change
Thermal energy
the energy stored due to an objects temperature.
Law of conservation
Energy can be transfered usefully, stored or dissipated but cannot be created or destroyed
What is work
work is done whenever energy is transferred from one store to another
Formula for work done
J=N x M work done= force x distance
What is power
The rate at which energy is transferred or the rate at which work is done
Forumlas for power
power (w)= energy transferred(j)/time(s)
power(w)=workdone(j)/time(s)
Formulas for efficiency
Efficiency= useful output energy transfer/total input energy transfer
Fossil fuels advantages
always relible and provide energy
release alot of energy
abundant and cheap
versatile
Fossil fuels disadvantages
Releases CO2
Non renewable
Can release pollutants
Nuclear power
Non renewable. run on uranium and plutonium
advanteages of nuclear power
Reliable
no CO2
Disadvamtes to nuclear power plants
Contains highly dangerous radioactive material
decommissioning a nuclear power plant takes many years and is expensive
Generates a large amount of nuclear waste
UK energy mix
UK has an abundant reserve of coal
in 1950s nuclear power came in place and was apart of 20% of nergy in the uk
UK became a producer of oil and gas this replaced coal for electricity generation
Switch from coal to gas advanatges
burning gas generates less CO2
Gas is more flexible
Economic impact of fossil fuels
energy from fossile fuels was very cheap. this is an economic factor switching away from fossil fuels costs money and that could cost jobs
