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Physics Paper 1 > Energy > Flashcards

Energy Flashcards

1
Q

What does it mean by “Energy is dissipated”?

A

Energy which is dissipated is spread out or wasted

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2
Q

What is energy?

A

Energy is the ability to do work

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3
Q

When work is done BY an object, energy is ____________________

A

When work is done BY an object, energy is TRANSFERRED FROM THE OBJECT.

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4
Q

How many joules in a mega joule?

A

1000000J = 1MJ

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5
Q

What is the “Principle conservation of energy”

A

The total amount of energy in a closed system is constant

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6
Q

What is a closed system?

A

A closed system is where no energy can be added or none can escape

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7
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

The energy possessed by a moving object

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8
Q

What is chemical energy?

A

The energy in between atoms etc batteries.

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9
Q

What is thermal energy?

A

The energy of the random motion of particles in an object.

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10
Q

What is gravitational potential energy?

A

The energy an object has due to its position in a gravitational field.

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11
Q

What is electrostatic energy?

A

The energy an object has due to its position in an electric field.

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12
Q

What is elastic potential energy?

A

The energy stored in an object when its shape is changed.

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13
Q

What is limit of proportionality?

A

When a spring cant revert back to its original shape.

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14
Q

How can we reduce the amount of energy dissipated from a system?

A

Lubrication: Reduces friction between moving parts of the machine.

Making vehicles streamlined: reduces air resistance exerted on them.

Using low resistance cables in an electric circuit: Reduces amount of energy dissipated as heat.

Thermal insulation: Reduces the rate of thermal energy being transferred to the building.

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15
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy?

A

Energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated but it cannot be created or destroyed.

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16
Q

When is work done?

A

Work is done whenever energy is transferred from one store to another.

17
Q

What is mechanical work?

A

Mechanical work involves using a force to move an object

18
Q

What is electrical work?

A

Electrical work involves a current transferring energy

19
Q

What is power?

A

Power is the rate at which energy is transferred.

Or

Power is the rate at which work is done

20
Q

What are the measurements for Power = Energy Transferred / Time

A

Power = Watts (W)

Energy Transferred = Joules (J)

Time = Seconds (s)

21
Q

What are the measurements for Elastic potential energy = 0.5 x spring constant x Extension

A

Elastic potential energy = Joules (J)

Spring Constant = N/m

Extension = metres (m)

22
Q

Name 3 ways to reduce heat being dissipated from home ( Thermal Insulators)

A

Cavity wall insulation

Triple / Double glazing glass windows

Loft insulation

23
Q

What is efficiency?

A

The ratio of useful output energy transfer to the total input energy transfer

Or

The ratio of useful power output to the total power input

24
Q

What is a non renewable resource

A

A resource that is finite and will eventually run out.

25
Q

What is a renewable resource?

A

A resource that doesent run out and can be replenished.

26
Q

Name 4 examples of non renewable energy resources.

A

Coal

Oil

Gas

Nuclear

27
Q

Name 7 Renewable energy resources.

A

Biomass

Tidal

Hydroelectric

Wave

Wind

Solar

Geothermal

28
Q

What are disadvantages of using fossil fuels?

A

Non renewable

Release greenhouse gases contributing to global warming

Release sulphur dioxide which can cause acid rain

29
Q

What are disadvantages and advantages of Nuclear energy resources?

A

Disadvantages:
Non renewable
Risk of nuclear meltdown

Advantages:
Does not contribute to global warming

30
Q

What does it mean by “Biomass are carbon neutral”?

A

They absorb CO2 from the atmosphere while growing, they release it again when burnt.

31
Q

Name all the renewable energy

A

Biomass
Tidal
Hydroelectric
Wave
Wind
Solar
Geothermal

32
Q

Why is fossil fuels bad for the environment?

A

It releases greenhouse gases when burnt causing global warming.

Also releases sulphur dioxide which causes acid rain.

33
Q

What renewable energy makes use of ‘pumped’ storage?

A

Hydroelectric

Physics Paper 1 (3 decks)

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