Energy Flashcards

1
Q

What does it mean by “Energy is dissipated”?

A

Energy which is dissipated is spread out or wasted

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2
Q

What is energy?

A

Energy is the ability to do work

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3
Q

When work is done BY an object, energy is ____________________

A

When work is done BY an object, energy is TRANSFERRED FROM THE OBJECT.

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4
Q

How many joules in a mega joule?

A

1000000J = 1MJ

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5
Q

What is the “Principle conservation of energy”

A

The total amount of energy in a closed system is constant

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6
Q

What is a closed system?

A

A closed system is where no energy can be added or none can escape

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7
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

The energy possessed by a moving object

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8
Q

What is chemical energy?

A

The energy in between atoms etc batteries.

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9
Q

What is thermal energy?

A

The energy of the random motion of particles in an object.

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10
Q

What is gravitational potential energy?

A

The energy an object has due to its position in a gravitational field.

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11
Q

What is electrostatic energy?

A

The energy an object has due to its position in an electric field.

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12
Q

What is elastic potential energy?

A

The energy stored in an object when its shape is changed.

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13
Q

What is limit of proportionality?

A

When a spring cant revert back to its original shape.

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14
Q

How can we reduce the amount of energy dissipated from a system?

A

Lubrication: Reduces friction between moving parts of the machine.

Making vehicles streamlined: reduces air resistance exerted on them.

Using low resistance cables in an electric circuit: Reduces amount of energy dissipated as heat.

Thermal insulation: Reduces the rate of thermal energy being transferred to the building.

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15
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy?

A

Energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated but it cannot be created or destroyed.

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16
Q

When is work done?

A

Work is done whenever energy is transferred from one store to another.

17
Q

What is mechanical work?

A

Mechanical work involves using a force to move an object

18
Q

What is electrical work?

A

Electrical work involves a current transferring energy

19
Q

What is power?

A

Power is the rate at which energy is transferred.

Or

Power is the rate at which work is done

20
Q

What are the measurements for Power = Energy Transferred / Time

A

Power = Watts (W)

Energy Transferred = Joules (J)

Time = Seconds (s)

21
Q

What are the measurements for Elastic potential energy = 0.5 x spring constant x Extension

A

Elastic potential energy = Joules (J)

Spring Constant = N/m

Extension = metres (m)

22
Q

Name 3 ways to reduce heat being dissipated from home ( Thermal Insulators)

A

Cavity wall insulation

Triple / Double glazing glass windows

Loft insulation

23
Q

What is efficiency?

A

The ratio of useful output energy transfer to the total input energy transfer

Or

The ratio of useful power output to the total power input

24
Q

What is a non renewable resource

A

A resource that is finite and will eventually run out.

25
What is a renewable resource?
A resource that doesent run out and can be replenished.
26
Name 4 examples of non renewable energy resources.
Coal Oil Gas Nuclear
27
Name 7 Renewable energy resources.
Biomass Tidal Hydroelectric Wave Wind Solar Geothermal
28
What are disadvantages of using fossil fuels?
Non renewable Release greenhouse gases contributing to global warming Release sulphur dioxide which can cause acid rain
29
What are disadvantages and advantages of Nuclear energy resources?
Disadvantages: Non renewable Risk of nuclear meltdown Advantages: Does not contribute to global warming
30
What does it mean by "Biomass are carbon neutral"?
They absorb CO2 from the atmosphere while growing, they release it again when burnt.
31
Name all the renewable energy
Biomass Tidal Hydroelectric Wave Wind Solar Geothermal
32
Why is fossil fuels bad for the environment?
It releases greenhouse gases when burnt causing global warming. Also releases sulphur dioxide which causes acid rain.
33
What renewable energy makes use of 'pumped' storage?
Hydroelectric