ENERGY

Question 1

What is energy?

Answer 1

There are different forms of energy. Energy can either be transferred to an object or transformed into another form of energy.

Question 2

What is system?

Answer 2

Anything under observation.

Question 3

What is surroundings?

Answer 3

Anything that is not a part of the system.

Question 4

What is universe?

Answer 4

System + Surroundings

Question 5

What is open system?

Answer 5

A system that can exchange both energy and matter with it’s surrounding.

Question 6

What is closed system?

Answer 6

A system that can exchange energy, but not matter with it’s surroundings.

Question 7

What is an isolated system?

Answer 7

A system that cannot exchange energy nor matter with it’s surroundings.

Question 8

What are the two types of energy?

Answer 8

Kinetic energy: Energy of motion

Potential energy: The stored energy of an object as a result of its conditions or its position

Question 9

What is Mechanical energy?

Answer 9

Energy of an object that is in motion.

Question 10

What is Radiant energy?

Answer 10

Energy of electromagnetic waves from an energy source

Question 11

What is Thermal energy?

Answer 11

Energy of random motion of particles in a substance.

Question 12

What is Sound energy?

Answer 12

Energy of vibrations of particles.

Question 13

What is Electrical kinetic energy?

Answer 13

Energy of electrons moving along a wire.

Question 14

What is Elastic potential energy?

Answer 14

Energy stored in a stretched or compressed object.

Question 15

What is Chemical potential energy?

Answer 15

Energy stored in chemical bonds.

Question 16

What is Gravitational potential energy?

Answer 16

Energy due to the position of an object.

Question 17

What is nuclear energy?

Answer 17

Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom.

Question 18

What is Electrical potential energy?

Answer 18

Energy is stored by a separation of positive and negative charges

Question 19

What is magnetic potential energy.

Answer 19

Energy stored in a magnetic field.

Question 20

What are the types of kinetic energy?

Answer 20

Mechanical kinetic, Radiant, Thermal, Sound, and Electrical kinetic energy.

Question 21

What are the types of potential energy?

Answer 21

Elastic potential, chemical potential, gravitational potential, nuclear, electrical potential, and magnetic potential.

Question 22

Give one example of each of the following:
1) a form of kinetic energy
2) a form of potential energy
3) a form of energy that has kinetic and potential energy.

Answer 22

1) Soccer ball being kicked.
2) A ball about to be dropped off a building.
3) Ball on steep cliff, and then ball falls down steep cliff.

Question 23

What is the Law of conservation of energy?

Answer 23

Energy is neither created nor destroyed, but is transformed form one form of energy to another or transferred from one object to another.

Question 24

How do energy transfer and transformation differ? How are they similar?

Question 25

How does physical quantities affect different forms of energy?

Answer 25

Physical quantities (e.g., height, mass, speed, etc.) can affect different forms of energy. For example, the higher the object is above the ground, the more gravitational potential energy it has.

Question 26

What physical quantities affect:
1) mechanical kinetic energy
2) gravitational potential energy

Question 27

What is Average velocity?

Answer 27

The speed an object is travelling at will affect it’s energy. Speed (v) is the distance an object travels divided by the time to travel that distance.

v=d/t

Speed is a scalar quantity ( no direction )

Question 28

What is velocity?

Answer 28

Velocity is the displacement of an object divided by the time interval.

v->= d->/t

• velocity describes how fast an object’s position is changing.

*Vector quantity (direction)

units for velocity and speed are metres per second (m/s).