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Chemistry > Energetics > Flashcards

Energetics Flashcards

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1
Q

exothermic

A

products have less energy than reactants

bond forming

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2
Q

exothermic reactions

A

oxidation

combustion

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3
Q

endothermic

A

products have more energy than reactants

bond breaking

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4
Q

endothermic reactions

A

thermal decomposition

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5
Q

bond enthalpy

A

energy needed to break a bond

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6
Q

mean bond enthalpy

A

average energy needed to break covalent bonds over a range of compounds

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7
Q

ΔHr equation

A

total energy absorbed - total energy released

reactants - products

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8
Q

ΔHf

A

enthalpy change when 1 mole of a compound is formed from its elements in their standard states under standard conditions

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9
Q

ΔHc

A

enthalpy change when 1 mole of a substance is completely burned in oxygen under standard conditions with all reactants and products in their standard states

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10
Q

ΔHr

A

enthalpy change when a reaction occurs in the molar quantities shown in the chemical equation under standard conditions with all reactants and products in their standard states

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11
Q

standard conditions

A

100kPa

298 K

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12
Q

calorimetry equation

A

q=mcΔT

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13
Q

change Joules to kiloJoules

A

divide by 1000

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14
Q

moles equation

A

mass ÷ moles

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15
Q

problems with calorimetry

A

some heat absorbed by container

some heat lost to surroundings

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16
Q

problems with flammable liquid calorimetry

A

some combustion is incomplete

some flammable liquid may escape by evaporation

17
Q

temperature rise during reaction

A

endothermic reaction

18
Q

hess’s law

A

total enthalpy change for a reaction is independent of route taken

19
Q

ΔHf of elements

A

zero

Chemistry (2 decks)

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