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chem exam questions > energetics > Flashcards

energetics Flashcards

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1
Q

enthalpy of formation

A
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2
Q

enthalpy of combustion

A
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3
Q

enthalpy of neutralisation

A
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4
Q

mean bond enthalpy

A
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5
Q

first ionisation energy

A
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6
Q

second ionisation energy

A
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7
Q

enthalpy of atomisation

A

1 mole of element in its standard states

is atomised to form 1 mole gaseous atoms

under standard conditions
298k and 100kPa

always ENDOTHERMIC

Na(s)-> Na(g)

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8
Q

1st electron affinity

A

giving 1 mole of electrons to 1 mole of gaseous uninegative ions to form 1 mole of gaseous dinegative ions

EXO

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9
Q

lattice energy

A

gaseous ions form 1 mole of ionic solid
298k and 100kPa
always EXO

2K+(g)+ S2-(g)-> K2S(s)

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10
Q

lattice enthalpy

A

1 mole of solid ionic lattice is formed from its gaseous ions under standard conditions

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11
Q

what is the relationship between lattice enthalpy and ionic bonding strength?

A

greater lattice enthalpy means stronger ionic bonding

e.g NaCl has higher lattice enthalpy then KCl as the Na+ ion is smaller than K+ so stronger ionic charge

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12
Q

2nd electron affinity

A

giving 1 mole of electrons
to 1 mole of gaseous uninegative ions
form 1 mole of gaseous dinegative ions

ENDOTHERMIC- putting together 2 electrons, they repel

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13
Q

enthalpy of hydration

A

1 mole of gaseous ions is dissolved in water

EXO as you form bonds with water

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14
Q

enthalpy of solution

A

1 mole of ionic solid dissolves in water

both EXO and ENDO as you break and form bonds with water

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15
Q

despite it’s high lattice enthalpy, NaCl is soluble. what other factors are important in enabling NaCl to be soluble in water?

A

enthalpy of solution

and

enthalpy of hydration

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16
Q

explain why MgO is insoluble in water (2)

A

ionic attraction too strong cannot be overcome by water
Cant form H bonds with the ions as lattice cant break down

17
Q

explain why energy is needed to break an ionic lattice (2)

A

must break strong ionic bonds between oppositely charged ions
requires energy

18
Q

why is energy released when ions are hydrated?

A

hydrogen bonds form between ion and water molecule, forming bonds is exothermic and releases energy

chem exam questions (11 decks)

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