Enemy aliens ww1 Flashcards
understand everything about enemy aliens in ww1
What act did the Australian government pass in 1914 to detain and restrict enemy aliens?
War Precautions Act
This act targeted individuals from countries at war with Australia.
How many people were interned in Australia during WWI, and which nationalities were primarily affected?
Over 6,890 people, mainly Germans, Austrians, and Turks
This included individuals classified as ‘enemy aliens’.
What actions were taken against German businesses and schools during WWI in Australia?
German businesses and schools were shut down, and German place names were changed
This was part of the broader cultural suppression during the war.
Under which authority did Australia operate during WWI?
British military authority
As a dominion within the British Empire, Australia coordinated its military efforts with Britain.
What was the purpose of the Trading with the Enemy Act?
Cancelled trade agreements with Germany and its allies and restricted commercial interactions
This act aimed to control financial transactions with hostile powers.
What did the War Precautions Act enable regarding individuals of German ancestry?
Classified them as ‘enemy aliens’ and enabled their internment
This act provided a framework for civil liberties restrictions.
What was the internment system’s scale during WWI in Australia?
Nearly 7,000 Germans were detained
Approximately 4,500 had lived in Australia before the war.
What were the registration requirements for German Australians during WWI?
Mandatory registration at police stations and strict monitoring of movements
This included documentation of suspected threats.
List some cultural suppression measures taken against German Australians during WWI.
- Closure of German businesses, schools, and churches
- Renaming of German food and places
- Ban on German music and cultural practices
These measures aimed to diminish German cultural influence.
What military operations did Australia engage in during WWI?
- Occupation of German New Guinea
- Sinking of German cruiser Emden
- ANZAC Mounted Division operations in the Middle East
These operations included defense of the Suez Canal and campaigns in Palestine.
What were the social impacts of the government’s control mechanisms during WWI?
Dismantled German Australian community and led to thousands leaving Australia
German culture did not recover until after World War II.
What were the political impacts of the Australian government’s actions during WWI?
Created deep social divisions and generated ethnic tensions
Increased government authority over citizens’ lives.
What act allowed for the internment of aliens during World War II?
National Security Act of 1939
This act included Germans, Italians, and Japanese among those interned.
How many people were interned during World War II in Australia and where were some camps located?
Over 12,000 people, with camps such as Tatura (Victoria) and Loveday (South Australia)
Internment affected various communities, including Italians and Japanese.
What discrimination did Italian Australians face during World War II?
Extreme discrimination, with many forced to work on farms
This reflected broader societal tensions during the war.
