endothermic regulation Flashcards
where does the hypothalamus receive information from?
- thermoreceptors in the hypothalamus
- peripheral thermoreceptors in the skin
what do hypothalamus thermoreceptors do?
detect temperature of the blood as it passes through the brain
what do peripheral thermoreceptors do?
detect temperature of external air at skin surface
what is the role of thermoreceptors?
send nerve impulses along sensory neurones to the hypothalamus which sends impulses along motor neurones to effectors
what do effectors do?
respond to restore body temperature back to normal
what is the role of the hypothalamus?
keeps core body temp in dynamic equilibrium (37 degrees)
what is the main advantage of having two different thermoreceptors in different locations?
- allows body to respond to
how do endotherms regulate body temperature?
through a nervous response
state the path of travel for nerve impulses
sensory neurone -> brain -> hypothalamus -> effector
how does sweating regulate temperature?
- increase in water
- increases latent vaporisation
- acts as a cooling effect
how does vasodilation regulate temperature?
- arterioles dilate due to muscle contraction
- constricts vessels supplying capillaries
- increases blood near skin surface which radiates more heat energy
- increases temperature
how does vasoconstriction regulate temperature?
- arterioles near skin surface restrict
- decreases blood near skin surface and increases further away
- less heat energy radiated
- decreases temperature
how does shivering regulate temperature?
- muscles relax & contract
- increases respiration
- more heat energy is released
- increases temperature
what are the two hypothalamus control centres?
heat loss & heat gain
describe the heat loss centre
- activated when blood temp flowing through hypothalamus increases
- impulses are sent along an autonomic motor neurone to effectors
- response is triggered to lower core body temp
