Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi Apparatus Flashcards
What is endoplasmic reticulum and describe the different types ?
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle from eukaryotic cells that forms a
continuous interconnected network of tubules and cisternae (sac-like structures)
▸ Rough endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes proteins
▸ Smooth endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes lipids and steroids, metabolizes carbohydrates and steroids, and regulates calcium concentration, and attachment of receptors on cell membrane proteins
▸ Sarcoplasmic reticulum solely regulates calcium levels in muscle cells
What is the function of ER ?
Lipid and protein biosynthesis
Intracellular Ca2+ store used for intracellular signalling
Production site for all trans-membrane proteins
Proteins that are destined for export, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes are
delivered to the ER lumen
Describe the biosynthetic secretory pathway:
Describe the maintenance of protein integrity in the ER and the COP-II mediated exit
mechanism
