Endometrial Cancer Flashcards
What are the histological types of Endometrial Cancer?
1) Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma
2) Endometrial carcinoma with squamous differentiation
3) Mucinous type
4) Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma (UPSC)
5) Clear Cell Carcinoma (CCC)
6) Squamous type
What is the rarest histological type of Endometrial Cancer?
Squamous type
What is the most common histological type of Endometrial Cancer?
Endometroid Adenocarcinoma
What are the 2 subtypes of endometrial cancer?
Type 1 & Type 2
Type 1 Histology refers to what histological type of endometrial cancer?
Endometroid Adenocarcinoma
At what menopausal stage, does Endometroid Adenocarcinoma affect women?
Perimenopausal women &
Premenopausal women
In terms of BMI, what type of women have Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma?
Obese women
What prognosis is given to women with Type 1 Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma?
Good Prognosis
What lesions are found in Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma?
Preinvasive lesions
Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma responds to what steroid hormone?
Estrogen
What is the precursor to Type 1 Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma?
Endometrial hyperplasia
According to WHO, what are the histological types of Endometrial Hyperplasia?
1) Typical hyperplasia / Hyperplasia without atypia (benign)
2) Atypical hyperplasia / Hyperplasia with atypia (malignant)
Type 2 Histology refers to what histological types of Endometrial Cancer?
1) Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma (UPSC)
2) Clear Cell Carcinoma (CCC)
3) Mucinous type
At what menopausal stage, does Type 2 Endometrial Cancer affect women?
Postmenopausal women
In terms of BMI, what type of women have Type 2 Endometrial Cancer?
Lean & Thin women
What prognosis is given to women with Type 2 Endometrial Cancer?
Bad prognosis
What is the precursor to
Type 2 Endometrial Cancer?
Atrophic Endometritis
What steroid hormone does Type 2 Endometrial Cancer NOT respond to?
Estrogen
What is the average age of presentation for Endometrial Cancer?
60
What is the most specific complaint in a Postmenopausal patient?
Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB)
- spotting
What are the most common presenting complaint in a Perimenopausal patient?
Intermenstrual bleeding {AKA: Metrorrhagia}
OR
Heavy menstrual periods {AKA: Menorrhagia}
What are the most common presenting complaint in a Premenopausal patient suspected of Endometrial Cancer?
♦ Heavy menstrual periods {AKA: Menorrhagia}
♦ Irregular periods
♦ Prolonged periods
What signs may I find in a patient with endometrial cancer?
♦ Abdominal distention
♦ Abdominal lump (in advance stages)
♦ Pelvic pain (in advance stages)
♦ Simpson’s pain (in advance stages)
♦ Enlarged & fixed uterus
♦ Mass on cervix
♦ Mass in vagina
♦ Pelvic exam is often normal
What is Simpson’s pain?
referred pain in the hypogastrium
What are the other symptoms of Endometrial cancer?
♦ Pyometra
♦ Dirty vaginal discharge
What lab investigations should be done in suspicion for Endometrial cancer?
♦ Beta hCG Test (for patients at childbearing age)
♦ Baseline CBC (to evaluate for anemia)
♦ Coagulation profile (for patients with features of bleeding disorders)
How do I diagnose Endometrial Cancer
Endometrial biopsy and / or TVUS
How do I Stage Endometrial Cancer?
