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Endodontics > Endodontics > Flashcards

Endodontics Flashcards

1
Q

at what age in dogs and cats do the tooth root apices close

A

10-11 months old

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

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2
Q

the apical delta typically encompasses xmm of the root

A

3mm
mand M1 >3mm
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

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3
Q

what % of cat max PM4 and mand M1 have furcation canals

A

27.2%

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

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4
Q

what % of intrinsically stained teeth have radiographic endo changes?

A

57.1%

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

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5
Q

what % of intrinsically stained teeth have pulp necrosis?

A

92.2%

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

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6
Q

explain how the bur is angled when created the access site for standard RCT

A

initially the bur is perpendicular to the enamel (using a high-speed friction grip bur) for 1-2mm until through enamel.
then it is angled towards the apex to enter the pulp (using a low-speed right angle bur)
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

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7
Q

what are barbed broaches used for?

A

to remove residual pulp

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

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8
Q

what does ISO file size indicate?

A

tip diameter
size 10 file will be 0.1mm at tip
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

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9
Q

how should Hedstrom files be used?

A

push-pull, no rotation

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

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10
Q

what action do H-files perform?

A

aggressive cutting with rapid removal of debris

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

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11
Q

how are Kerr files made?

A

twisting triangular, square or rhomboid tapered metal rods

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

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12
Q

how should K-files be used?

A

push-pull, or 1/4 turn and pull

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

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13
Q

how are K-reamers different from K-files

A

fewer twists

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

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14
Q

how are K-reamers used

A

watch-winding action

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

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15
Q

explain the 3 techniques for cleaning and shaping root canals

A

step-down or crown-down: larger files are used to enlarge the coronal aspect, followed by progressively smaller files until working length is reached

step-back: start with smallest file that will reach working length followed by progressively larger files

hybrid: start with initial enlargement to flare coronal aspect, followed by step-back technique

(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

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16
Q

what is the master file?

A

largest file that can be passed to the working length

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

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17
Q

what consistency of lubricant should be used for hand files?

A

paste lubricant

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

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18
Q

what consistency of lubricant should be used for rotary instruments?

A

aqueous lubricants

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

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19
Q

which aqueous lubricant is preferred?

A

EDTA

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

20
Q

list 3 irrigants

A

bleach (NaOCl)
EDTA
chlorhexidine
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

21
Q

what purpose does irrigation with bleach fulfill?

A

antimicrobial
lubricant
dissolves organic component of smear layer
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

22
Q

at what strength should bleach be used as an irrigant

A

full strength - 5.25%

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

23
Q

does the strength of bleach impact its antibacterial effficacy?

A

no

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

24
Q

can chlorhexidine and bleach be used concurrently as irrigants?

A

no
forms insoluble, toxic parachloroaniline
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

25
Q

what action does EDTA perform as an irrigant?

A

its is a chelator that dissolves the mineral component of the smear layer
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

26
Q

what combo of irrigants is recommended?

A

bleach and EDTA

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

27
Q

what 2 components are used when obturating a root canal?

A

root canal sealer and obturation material (GP)

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

28
Q

what is the purpose of a root canal sealer?

A

prevent apical leackage, prevent ingress of bacteria, entomb any residual bacteria
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

29
Q

which 3 root canal sealers are recommended?

A

Guttaflow2
AH Plus
MTA Fillapex
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

30
Q

what are the components of Guttaflow 2?

A

silicone-based sealer, GP powder and nano silver particles

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

31
Q

list 4 gutta percha placement techniques

A 
cold lateral condensation
warm vertical condensation
thermoplastic technique
thermomechanical technique
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)
32
Q

describe the cold lateral condensation GP placement technique

A

master GP cone is coated with sealer and placed to working length
spreaders are used to adapt the GP to the canal walls
accessory GP cones are placed and adapted with spreaders
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

33
Q

describe the warm vertical condensation GP placement technique

A 
master GP cone placed
GP warmed with heated instrument
pluggers used to vertically compact GP
accessory cones used to fill canal
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)
34
Q

describe the thermoplastic GP placement technique

A

accessory GP cones are heated before placement
GP is manually compressed.
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

35
Q

describe the thermomechanical technique of GP placment

A

a rotational instrument warms the GP and mechanically compacts the GP.
Accessory cones are fed in
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

36
Q

what are negative prognostic indicators for standard RCT?

A

root resorption
periapical radiolucency
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

37
Q

for uncomplicated crown fractures, if the dentine is xmm or more thick, direct composite restoration may be performed

A

5 mm

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

38
Q

what are the primary indicators of success of VPT?

A

apical closure
progressive thickening of dentinal walls, narrowing of pulp
lack of apical (root resorption) and periapical (PAR) pathology
!!! formation of a dentine bridge is a positive finding, but does not indicate success!
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

39
Q

success rate of VPT with MTA?

A

92%

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

40
Q

success rate of VPT with CaOH?

A

58%

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

41
Q

x mm of pulp should be removed during partial pulpectomy of VPT?

A

5-8 mm

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

42
Q

x mm thick layer of MTA is placed over the pulp

A

2 mm

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

43
Q

what is apecxification?

A

induction of apical closure in a nonvital tooth

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

44
Q

x mm of root is removed during apicoectomy in surgical RCT

A

3-4mm
6mm in mandibular molar 1 due to potential for lateral canals
or flush with wall of periapical lesion
(2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman)

45
Q

how much GP or root canal sealer is removed after apicoectomy in surgical RCT?

A

3-4mm

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

46
Q

how should apicoectomy be performed in surgical RCT?

A

root is amputated perpendicularly

2022 Vet clinics of N. America Hewitt, Coffman

47
Q

what is the apical root canal filled with for surgical RCT?

A

MTA is preferred.

Endodontics (1 decks)

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