Endocrinology of the placenta Flashcards
1
Q
role of Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)? [2]
when does synthesis begin? [1]
A
- Maintains corpus luteum progesterone and oestrogen secretion during early pregnancy
- synthesis begins before preg
2
Q
A
2
Q
what is the role of human placental lactogen (hPL)?
A
- Increases free fatty acids by its lipolytic action
- Inhibits gluconeogenesis
- Promotes fetal growth
- Promotes mammary duct proliferation
- Exhibits lactogenic effects
- Resembles GH
3
Q
what is the role of Oestrogen and progesterone?
A
maintain corpus lutuem.
BUT
By the end of the first trimester, the placenta produces enough to maintain pregnancy and the corpus luteum is no longer needed.
4
Q
A
5
Q
what is the role of human placental growth hormone? [2]
what is the role of insulin-like-growth factors? [1]
A
Human placental growth hormone:
- Similar to growth hormone
- Regulation of maternal blood glucose levels to ensure adequate fetal glucose supply
- Low maternal blood glucose levels –> gluconeogenesis in the maternal liver.
Insulin-like growth factors:
- Similar structure to insulin
- Stimulates proliferation and differentiation of the cytotrophoblast.
6
Q
what is the role of relaxin? [1]
A
Softens the cervix and pelvic ligaments in preparation for childbirth.
