Endocrinology

Question 1

composed of glands that produce hormones, which are secreted directlyinto the bloodstream for use throughout the body.

Answer 1

Endocrine system

Question 2

a chemical substance that sends a message to another cell in the body.

Answer 2

Hormone

Question 3

several structural categories of hormones:

Answer 3

amine, peptide, protein, glycoprotein, steroids, and fatty acid (eicosanoid) hormones.

Question 4

are made of chains of amino acids.

Answer 4

Peptide hormones

Question 5

are conjugated proteins bound to carbohydrates, which include galactose, mannose, or fructose,

Answer 5

Glycoprotein

Question 6

are all derived from a lipid, typically cholesterol.

Answer 6

Steroid hormones

Question 7

The most important aspect of these mechanisms is to understand that a stimulus will feedback upstream to decrease the production of itself.

Answer 7

Negative feedback

Question 8

control mechanisms that increase the stimulus received until a distinct endpoint is achieved.

Answer 8

Positive feedback mechanisms

Question 9

The thyroid gland is responsible for the production of two hormones:

Answer 9

Thyroid and Calcitonin

Question 10

is secreted by parafollicular C cells and is involved in calcium homeostasis.

Answer 10

Calcitonin

Question 11

critical in regulating body metabolism, neurologic development, and numerous other body functions.

Answer 11

Thyroid hormone

Question 12

is an essential component of thyroid hormone.

Answer 12

Iodine

Question 13

made primarily of the trace element iodine,

Answer 13

Thyroid hormone

Question 14

The recommended minimum daily intake of iodine

Answer 14

150 ug