Endocrinology

Question 1

Types of hormones

Answer 1

Steroids
Peptides
Altered amino acids

Question 2

Anterior pituitary hormones

Answer 2

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
Thyroid Stimulating hormone (TSH)
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinising hormone (LH)
Prolactin
Growth hormone (GH)

Question 3

Posterior pituitary hormones

Answer 3

Oxytocin
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 4

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) release and effect

Answer 4

Secreted in response to corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) from hypothalamus.
Stimulates release of glucocorticoids from adrenal cortex.
Stimulates B-endorphin and precursors of melanocyte-releasing hormone.

Question 5

Diseases of ACTH

Answer 5

Cushing’s disease: Increased ACTH release (and subsequent glucocorticoid excess).

Addison’s disease: Decreased ACTH release (and subsequent glucocorticoid deficiency)