Endocrine Test

Question 1

What are some characteristics of exocrine glands?

Answer 1

Exocrine glands include the salivary glands, sweat glands, and mammary glands.

Question 2

Describe the function of the endocrine system.

Answer 2

The endocrine system is an elaborate network of glands that communicate within the body to secrete hormones for the purpose of maintaining homeostasis. Endocrine glands are ductless; they secrete their hormones directly into the bloodstream or surrounding tissues.

Question 3

What gland is located at the base of the brain?

Answer 3

The pituitary gland is located near the base of the brain.

Question 4

The pituitary gland contains two seperate what and what are they?

Answer 4

The pituitary gland contains two lobes; the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe.

Question 5

What endocrine gland controls the growth hormone?

Answer 5

Growth hormone is produced in the pituitary gland.

Question 6

What gland is responsible for producing melatonin?

Answer 6

The pineal gland secretes melatonin.

Question 7

What gland is butterfly-shaped?

Answer 7

The thyroid gland is butterfly-shaped.

Question 8

How many parathyroid glands are there?

Answer 8

There are four pairs of parathyroid glands.

Question 9

What hormone is responsible for the amount of calcium stored in the bone?

Answer 9

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is responsible for the amount of calcium that is stored in the bones.

Question 10

What is considered both an endocrine gland and an exocrine gland?

Answer 10

The pancreas is both an endocrine gland and an exocrine gland.

Question 11

Where are the adrenal glands located?

Answer 11

The adrenal glands are located on top of each kidney.

Question 12

The adrenal glands contains two separate what and what are they called?

Answer 12

The adrenal glands consists of an outer portion (cortex) and an inner portion (medulla).

Question 13

Where are androgens produced?

Answer 13

The adrenal cortex secretes androgens.

Question 14

What hormone acts as an antiinflammatory and a steroid?

Answer 14

Cortisol acts as an antiinflammatory agent and a steroid.

Question 15

What hormone is known for adrenaline?

Answer 15

Can not find the answer.

Question 16

Name 4 functions of epinephrine.

Answer 16

1) Responsible for fight-or-flight response.
2) Elevates the heart rate.
3) Elevates blood pressure.
4) Dilates bronchial tubes.

Question 17

Where is the hormone estrogen produced?

Answer 17

The ovaries produce estrogen.

Question 18

Where is the hormone progesterone produced?

Answer 18

The ovaries produce progesterone.

Question 19

Where is the hormone testosterone produced?

Answer 19

The testes produce the male hormone testosterone.

Question 20

What gland is located in the mediastinal cavity?

Answer 20

The thymus gland is located in the mediastinal cavity.

Question 21

What can an overproduction of growth hormone be a resemblance of?

Answer 21

Acromegaly results from the overproduction of growth hormone.

Question 22

What disorder describes a patient with an excessive amount of hair growth?

Answer 22

Hirsutism is a condition of having an excessive amount of hair on the body.

Question 23

What disorder is typically diagnosed with a urine and blood test?

Answer 23

Addison’s disease is diagnosed by blood and urine tests.

Question 24

What disorder is a result of a tumor growing on the pituitary gland?

Answer 24

Cushing’s disease can be a result of tumors that develop on the adrenal glands.

Question 25

What disorder has characteristics such as a buffalo hump and a round face or moon face?

Answer 25

Cushing’s disease signs and symptoms include rounding of facial features (“moon face”) and an excess of fat collected between the shoulder blades (buffalo hump).

Question 26

What disorder is caused from an overgrowth of long bones?

Answer 26

Gigantism is characterized by overgrowth of the long bones.

Question 27

Is Graves’ disease a form of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism?

Answer 27

The most common form of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease.

Question 28

What does it mean to have protruding eyes?

Answer 28

Exophthalmos = protruding eyeballs.

Question 29

What condition results from an inadequate amount of thyroid hormone?

Answer 29

In hypothyroidism, the thyroid produces inadequate amounts of the thyroid hormone?

Question 30

Most commonly a form of Hashimoto’s, an enlarged thyroid in the neck is a what?

Answer 30

The thyroid may enlarge and a condition known as a goiter develops, the most common cause of a goiter is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, which is a form of hypothyroidism.

Question 31

What is the condition called that is a life-threatening untreated hypothyroidism?

Answer 31

Myxedema is a rare, life-threatening condition that results from long-term, untreated hypothyroidism.

Question 32

Describe the difference between Type 1 Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes.

Answer 32

Type 1: formally known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)
Type 2: formally known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)

Type 1: typically diagnosed in children, teens, and young adults
Type 2: formally, this disease was diagnosed later in life, however, increasing rates of childhood and teen obesity are results from insulin resistance

Type 1: treatment requires lifelong insulin treatment
Type 2: treatment includes diet, exercise, and oral hypoglycemic medications to help control blood sugar levers