Endocrine Test Flashcards
Module 5 Clinic Day 6 10-24-2016 CMA Book Chapter 32
What are some characteristics of exocrine glands?
Exocrine glands include the salivary glands, sweat glands, and mammary glands.
Describe the function of the endocrine system.
The endocrine system is an elaborate network of glands that communicate within the body to secrete hormones for the purpose of maintaining homeostasis. Endocrine glands are ductless; they secrete their hormones directly into the bloodstream or surrounding tissues.
What gland is located at the base of the brain?
The pituitary gland is located near the base of the brain.
The pituitary gland contains two seperate what and what are they?
The pituitary gland contains two lobes; the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe.
What endocrine gland controls the growth hormone?
Growth hormone is produced in the pituitary gland.
What gland is responsible for producing melatonin?
The pineal gland secretes melatonin.
What gland is butterfly-shaped?
The thyroid gland is butterfly-shaped.
How many parathyroid glands are there?
There are four pairs of parathyroid glands.
What hormone is responsible for the amount of calcium stored in the bone?
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is responsible for the amount of calcium that is stored in the bones.
What is considered both an endocrine gland and an exocrine gland?
The pancreas is both an endocrine gland and an exocrine gland.
Where are the adrenal glands located?
The adrenal glands are located on top of each kidney.
The adrenal glands contains two separate what and what are they called?
The adrenal glands consists of an outer portion (cortex) and an inner portion (medulla).
Where are androgens produced?
The adrenal cortex secretes androgens.
What hormone acts as an antiinflammatory and a steroid?
Cortisol acts as an antiinflammatory agent and a steroid.
What hormone is known for adrenaline?
Can not find the answer.
Name 4 functions of epinephrine.
1) Responsible for fight-or-flight response.
2) Elevates the heart rate.
3) Elevates blood pressure.
4) Dilates bronchial tubes.
Where is the hormone estrogen produced?
The ovaries produce estrogen.
Where is the hormone progesterone produced?
The ovaries produce progesterone.
Where is the hormone testosterone produced?
The testes produce the male hormone testosterone.
What gland is located in the mediastinal cavity?
The thymus gland is located in the mediastinal cavity.
What can an overproduction of growth hormone be a resemblance of?
Acromegaly results from the overproduction of growth hormone.
What disorder describes a patient with an excessive amount of hair growth?
Hirsutism is a condition of having an excessive amount of hair on the body.
What disorder is typically diagnosed with a urine and blood test?
Addison’s disease is diagnosed by blood and urine tests.
What disorder is a result of a tumor growing on the pituitary gland?
Cushing’s disease can be a result of tumors that develop on the adrenal glands.
What disorder has characteristics such as a buffalo hump and a round face or moon face?
Cushing’s disease signs and symptoms include rounding of facial features (“moon face”) and an excess of fat collected between the shoulder blades (buffalo hump).
What disorder is caused from an overgrowth of long bones?
Gigantism is characterized by overgrowth of the long bones.
Is Graves’ disease a form of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism?
The most common form of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease.
What does it mean to have protruding eyes?
Exophthalmos = protruding eyeballs.
What condition results from an inadequate amount of thyroid hormone?
In hypothyroidism, the thyroid produces inadequate amounts of the thyroid hormone?
Most commonly a form of Hashimoto’s, an enlarged thyroid in the neck is a what?
The thyroid may enlarge and a condition known as a goiter develops, the most common cause of a goiter is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, which is a form of hypothyroidism.
What is the condition called that is a life-threatening untreated hypothyroidism?
Myxedema is a rare, life-threatening condition that results from long-term, untreated hypothyroidism.
Describe the difference between Type 1 Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes.
Type 1: formally known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)
Type 2: formally known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)
Type 1: typically diagnosed in children, teens, and young adults
Type 2: formally, this disease was diagnosed later in life, however, increasing rates of childhood and teen obesity are results from insulin resistance
Type 1: treatment requires lifelong insulin treatment
Type 2: treatment includes diet, exercise, and oral hypoglycemic medications to help control blood sugar levers
