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bio 30 > endocrine systems (ch. 13) > Flashcards

endocrine systems (ch. 13) Flashcards

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1
Q

what is homeostasis

A

state of balance among all the body systems needed to survive and function correctly; the body’s way of dealing with change and keeping everything inside the same

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2
Q

what is an example of homeostasis

A

when you go outside and the body becomes hypothermic, receptors on the skin send signals to the brain to shiver which causes kinetic energy therefore warming up to body

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3
Q

endocrine gland vs. exocrine gland

A
  • endo means inside
  • exo means outside
  • crine means secrete
  • endocrine secretes into the bloodstream and exocrine secretes out of the bloodstream to other areas
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4
Q

endocrine system

A

in vertebrates, system that works in parallel with the nervous system to maintain homeostasis by releasing chemical hormones from various glands; composed of the hormone producing glands and tissues of the body

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5
Q

endocrine gland

A

ductless glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

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6
Q

how does the endocrine system and the nervous system maintain homeostasis in the body

A
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7
Q

how were the existence of hormones proved

A
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8
Q

what are the major endocrine glands in the body

A
  • ovary
  • testes
  • hypothalamus
  • pineal gland
  • pituitary gland (anterior and posterior)
  • pancreas
  • adrenal gland
  • thyroid gland
  • parathyroid gland
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9
Q

how are targeted cells affected by hormones

A
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10
Q

lipid soluble hormones

A
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11
Q

water soluble hormones

A
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12
Q

how do negative feedback loops control hormone levels in the body

A
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13
Q

what is a tropic hormone

A
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14
Q

what are the tropic hormones

A
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15
Q

hormones of the posterior pituitary gland

A
  • adh
  • oxytocin
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16
Q

hormones of the anterior pituitary gland

A
  • fsh
  • lh
  • acth
  • tsh
  • prolactin
  • icsh
  • hgh
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17
Q

what is the relationship of the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland

A
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18
Q

what are the conditions associated with human growth hormone imbalances

A
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19
Q

what is the thyroid gland

A
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20
Q

what are the conditions associated with the imbalance of thyroid hormones

A
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21
Q

what is the parathyroid gland

A
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22
Q

what is the parathyroid hormone

A
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23
Q

what are the hormones of the adrenal medulla

A
  • epinephrine (adrenaline)
  • norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
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24
Q

what is the fight or flight response

A
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25
Q

what are the hormones of the adrenal cortex

A
  • cortisol (glucocorticoid)
  • aldosterones (mineralocorticoid)
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26
Q

how does the hormones of the adrenal cortex regulate long term stress response

A
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27
Q

what are the hormones of the pancreas

A
  • insulin
  • glucagon
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28
Q

what is insulin

A
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29
Q

what is glucagon

A
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30
Q

what is needed to create a feedback loop

A
  • stimulus
  • gland
  • hormone
  • effect in full detail
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31
Q

causes of diabetes mellitus

A
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32
Q

treatment for diabetes mellitus

A
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33
Q

type 1 diabetes

A
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34
Q

type 2 diabetes

A
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35
Q

what technologies help with the endocrine system diseases

A
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36
Q

what is urinalysis

A
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37
Q

what are the different perspectives of problems

A
  • technological
  • ecological
  • poitical
  • economic
  • ethical
  • societal
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38
Q

political perspective

A
39
Q

societal perspective

A
40
Q

ecological perspective

A
41
Q

economic perspective

A
42
Q

ethical perspective

A
43
Q

technological perspective

A
44
Q

advantages and disdvantages of technology on a patient with an endocrine disease

A
45
Q

example of a gland that is both an endocrine and an exocrine gland

A
  • the pancreas
  • it secretes insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream when stimulated
  • it also secretes digestive enzymes into the stomach (not the bloodstream; therefore out of the bloodstream)
46
Q

hormones

A

chemical messenger sent to many parts of the body to produce a specific effect on a target cell or organ; e.g epinephrine and norepinephrine are relased from the neurons

47
Q

endocrine gland

A
48
Q

hypothalamus

A
49
Q

pineal gland

A
50
Q

pituitary gland

A
51
Q

pancreas

A
52
Q

thymus

A
53
Q

thyroid gland

A
54
Q

parathyroid gland

A
55
Q

adrenal gland

A
56
Q

ovary

A
57
Q

testes

A
58
Q

tropic hormone

A
59
Q

adh

A
60
Q

negative feedback

A
61
Q

hgh

A
62
Q

thyroxin

A
63
Q

hypothyroidism

A
64
Q

hyperthyroidism

A
65
Q

tsh

A
66
Q

goitre

A
67
Q

calcitonin

A
68
Q

adrenal medulla

A
69
Q

adrenal cortex

A
70
Q

melatonin

A
71
Q

fight or flight response

A
72
Q

acth

A
73
Q

aldosterone

A
74
Q

islets of langerhans

A
75
Q

beta cells

A
76
Q

alpha cells

A
77
Q

insulin

A
78
Q

glucagon

A
79
Q

hyperglycemia

A
80
Q

type 1 diabetes

A
81
Q

type 2 diabetes

A
82
Q

addison’s disease

A
83
Q

cortisol

A
84
Q

glucocorticoid

A
85
Q

gonadocorticoid

A
86
Q

mineralocorticoid

A
87
Q

cretinism

A
88
Q

grave’s disease

A
89
Q

dwarfism

A
90
Q

acromegaly

A
91
Q

gigantism

A
92
Q

what disorder has glucose and no protein in their urine

A
93
Q

what disorde has no glucose and no protein in their urine but is pale in colour

A

diabetes insipidus

bio 30 (3 decks)

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