Endocrine System Notes Flashcards
What is the endocrine system
A messenger system comprising of feed back loops of hormones released by Internal glands of an organism directly into the circulatory system and regulating organs
What is the hypothalamus
The control center of the brain, produces hormones that control body temp, heart rate, hunger and mood
Does the endocrine system have a nearby or distant release method
Distant
What is the response speed of the endocrine system
Slow
Is the duration of effect of the endocrine system long or short
Long
What does the endocrine system use to make changes in the body
Hormones
Can neurotransmitters and hormones act as both depending on the situation
Yes
What does the endocrine system target
Large numbers of cells or tissue
What does ANS stand for
Autonomic nervous system
What is the autonomic nervous system
Controls involuntary things (motor innovation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands sexual arousal
What is a reflex arc
A neural pathway that controls a reflex
What is the order of operations for the reflex arc
Receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron effector
What does the brain stem do
Regulates pupil size, heart, blood pressure, air flow, salivation
What are the divisions of the ANS
Parasympathetic, sympathetic
What does the parasympathetic division control
‘rest and digest” maintenance functions and helps conserve energy, gi tract digesting, low hr and bo, constricted pupils
What does the sympathetic ans division do
“fight or flight” mobilizes body during activity stress, high BP, dilated pupils blood vessels constricr and lung bronchioles dilated. Liver releases blood. Glucose.
What is dual innervation
When both parasympathetic and sympathetic organs serve the same organs
Where do the fibers for the parasympathetic system tend to be in
The raso lumbar spinal vertebrae
Where do the fibers in the sympathetic ans tend to come from
The brain and sacral spinal cord
What are ganglia
Clusters of nerve cells found throughout the body
What are the sizes of the fibers in the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems
Sympathetic tend to have shorter preganglionic and longer post
Parasympathetic is the opposite
What are preganglionic neurons
Nerve fibers of the ANS. Connect nervous system to ganglia
What are postganglionic fibers
Nerve fibers in the ANS. Connect the ganglion to the effector organ
Where are the ganglia located for the sympathetic system
Closer to the spinal cord
