Endocrine System Hormones

Question 1

Oxytocin

Answer 1

Causes contractions to start childbirth; causes milk to flow from the breasts during nursing.
-Hypothalamus to uterus muscles and breast tissue

Question 2

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 2

Triggers the kidneys to reabsorb water; helps you hold urine through the night.
- Hypothalamus to Kidneys

Question 3

Prolactin

Answer 3

Stimulates milk production for breast feeding
- Anterior pituitary gland to ovaries/testes

Question 4

Growth hormone (GH)

Answer 4

Tells the muscles, bones and other organs to grow by doing mitosis.
-Anterior pituitary gland to liver

Question 5

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 5

In ovaries- stimulate egg production
in testes- stimulate sperm production
- Anterior pituitary gland to ovaries/testes

Question 6

Luteinizing hormone

Answer 6

in ovaries - Triggers ovulation; stimulate ovaries to make estrogen & progesterone.
in testes - stimulate testosterone production
-Anterior pituitary gland to ovaries/testes

Question 6

Thyroid- stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer 6

Regulates when the thyroid releases its own hormones.
-Anterior pituitary gland to Thyroid gland

Question 7

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Answer 7

Triggers the adrenal cortex to produce its own hormones.
-Anterior pituitary gland to Adrenal cortex

Question 8

Melatonin

Answer 8

Causes you to feel calm and sleepy.
- Pineal gland to many tissues

Question 9

Triiodo-thyronine (T3)

Answer 9

Increases metabolic rate; High levels= Fast metabolism.
-Thyroid gland to most organs

Question 10

Thyroxine (T4)

Answer 10

Gets converted into triiodothyronine, which regulates metabolism.
-Thyroid gland to most organs

Question 11

Calcitonin

Answer 11

Triggers calcium ions to exit the bloodstream and enter the bones.
Thyroid gland to Bones

Question 12

Parathyroid hormone

Answer 12

Triggers calcium ions to exit the bones and enter the bloodstream.
-Parathyroid gland to Bones

Question 12

Thymosin

Answer 12

Triggers T-cells to mature.
-Thymus gland to T-cells

Question 13

Epinephrine (adrenaline) / Norepinephrine

Answer 13

Recognizes stress and helps w/ fight or flight response; increases heart rate, blood pressure, blood sugar level, and blood flow to heart/lungs; causes lung bronchioles to enlarge and pupils to dilate.
-Adrenal medulla to most organs

Question 14

Cortisol

Answer 14

In times of stress releases glucose from the liver for quick energy.
-Adrenal cortex to all tissues.

Question 15

Aldosterone

Answer 15

Stimulate the Kidneys to keep salt and water in the blood; causes blood pressure to raise.
-Adrenal cortex to Kidneys

Question 16

Estrogen

Answer 16

Triggers the uterine lining to build up in preparation for pregnancy; regulates secondary sex characteristics.
-Ovaries to female reproductive system

Question 17

Progesterone

Answer 17

Triggers the uterine lining to build up in preparation for pregnancy and to stay thick during pregnancy.
-ovaries to uterus

Question 18

Testosterone

Answer 18

Stimulates the production of sperm; responsible for male secondary sex characteristics.
-Testes to Male reproductive system

Question 19

Insulin

Answer 19

Helps to regulate blood sugar; released when blood sugar is too high; stimulates body cells to absorb sugar from the blood, dropping blood sugar levels.
-Pancreas to many organs

Question 20

Glucagon

Answer 20

Helps to regulate blood sugar; released when blood sugar is too low; stimulates body cells to release sugar into the blood, rising blood sugar levels.
-Pancreas to Liver cells