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Endocrine System And Functions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of the endocrine system?

A

To regulate various body functions through hormones.

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2
Q

True or False: Hormones are released directly into the bloodstream.

A

True

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3
Q

What are the two main types of hormones?

A

Steroid hormones and peptide hormones.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ gland is often referred to as the ‘master gland’ of the endocrine system.

A

pituitary

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5
Q

Which hormone is responsible for regulating metabolism?

A

Thyroxine (T4)

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6
Q

What is the role of insulin in the body?

A

To lower blood glucose levels.

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7
Q

True or False: The adrenal glands are located on top of the kidneys.

A

True

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8
Q

What hormone is produced by the adrenal medulla?

A

Epinephrine (adrenaline)

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9
Q

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the ‘fight or flight’ response?

A

Epinephrine

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ gland produces melatonin.

A

pineal

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11
Q

What is the function of oxytocin?

A

To stimulate uterine contractions and milk ejection.

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12
Q

Which hormone regulates sodium and water balance in the body?

A

Aldosterone

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13
Q

True or False: The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

A

True

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14
Q

What is the primary function of glucagon?

A

To raise blood glucose levels.

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15
Q

Which gland is responsible for the production of thyroid hormones?

A

Thyroid gland

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16
Q

What hormone stimulates the production of red blood cells?

A

Erythropoietin

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ hormone promotes growth and development.

A

growth

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18
Q

What is the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

A

To regulate calcium levels in the blood.

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19
Q

True or False: Estrogen is a hormone found only in females.

A

False

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20
Q

What is the function of testosterone?

A

To regulate male reproductive tissues and secondary sexual characteristics.

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21
Q

Which hormone is secreted by the thymus gland?

A

Thymosin

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ system works alongside the nervous system to regulate body functions.

A

endocrine

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23
Q

What is the effect of cortisol on the body?

A

It helps regulate metabolism and immune response.

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24
Q

True or False: Hormones can only affect the organs that produce them.

A

False

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25
What is the primary role of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system?
To link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland.
26
Which hormone is known as the 'stress hormone'?
Cortisol
27
Fill in the blank: The __________ gland secretes hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development.
thyroid
28
What is the role of luteinizing hormone (LH)?
To trigger ovulation and stimulate testosterone production.
29
True or False: Prolactin is involved in milk production.
True
30
What is the function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
To regulate water balance in the body.
31
Which hormone is responsible for the regulation of the menstrual cycle?
Estrogen
32
Fill in the blank: The __________ plays a critical role in regulating blood sugar levels.
pancreas
33
What type of feedback mechanism is most common in hormone regulation?
Negative feedback
34
True or False: Hormones can have multiple effects on different tissues.
True
35
What is the primary role of the adrenal cortex?
To produce steroid hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone.
36
Which hormone is involved in the body's circadian rhythms?
Melatonin
37
Fill in the blank: The __________ is responsible for regulating calcium homeostasis.
parathyroid hormone
38
What is the role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?
To stimulate the growth of ovarian follicles and sperm production.
39
True or False: The endocrine system can only respond to stimuli from the external environment.
False
40
What is the effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?
To stimulate the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones.
41
Which hormone decreases blood calcium levels?
Calcitonin
42
Fill in the blank: The __________ gland is involved in the stress response.
adrenal
43
What is the role of the pituitary gland?
To secrete hormones that regulate other endocrine glands.
44
True or False: Hormones can be classified as either water-soluble or lipid-soluble.
True
45
What is the primary function of the pancreas in the endocrine system?
To produce insulin and glucagon.
46
Which hormone is involved in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance?
Aldosterone
47
Fill in the blank: The __________ stimulates the adrenal cortex to release cortisol.
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
48
What is the main function of the thymus gland?
To produce hormones that promote the development of T-cells.
49
True or False: The effects of hormones are always immediate.
False
50
What is the role of gastrin?
To stimulate the secretion of gastric acid in the stomach.
51
Which hormone is responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics?
Estrogen
52
Fill in the blank: The __________ hormone increases uterine contractions during childbirth.
oxytocin
53
What is the effect of glucocorticoids?
To regulate metabolism and immune response during stress.
54
True or False: Hormones can act on distant organs from where they are produced.
True
55
What is the primary function of the posterior pituitary?
To release oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
56
Which hormone increases blood sugar levels?
Glucagon
57
Fill in the blank: The __________ produces hormones that regulate the body's stress response.
adrenal glands
58
What is the role of somatostatin?
To inhibit the release of other hormones, including insulin and glucagon.
59
True or False: The endocrine system operates independently of the nervous system.
False
60
What is the primary function of the thyroid gland?
To regulate metabolism through the production of thyroid hormones.
61
Which hormones are produced by the ovaries?
Estrogen and progesterone.
62
Fill in the blank: The __________ is a gland that regulates metabolism and calcium levels.
thyroid
63
What is the function of the pancreas' exocrine component?
To produce digestive enzymes.
64
True or False: Hormones can only be produced by specialized glands.
False

Reproductive System (3 decks)

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