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Reproductive System > Endocrine System And Functions > Flashcards

Endocrine System And Functions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of the endocrine system?

A

To regulate various body functions through hormones.

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2
Q

True or False: Hormones are released directly into the bloodstream.

A

True

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3
Q

What are the two main types of hormones?

A

Steroid hormones and peptide hormones.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ gland is often referred to as the ‘master gland’ of the endocrine system.

A

pituitary

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5
Q

Which hormone is responsible for regulating metabolism?

A

Thyroxine (T4)

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6
Q

What is the role of insulin in the body?

A

To lower blood glucose levels.

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7
Q

True or False: The adrenal glands are located on top of the kidneys.

A

True

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8
Q

What hormone is produced by the adrenal medulla?

A

Epinephrine (adrenaline)

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9
Q

Which hormone is primarily responsible for the ‘fight or flight’ response?

A

Epinephrine

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ gland produces melatonin.

A

pineal

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11
Q

What is the function of oxytocin?

A

To stimulate uterine contractions and milk ejection.

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12
Q

Which hormone regulates sodium and water balance in the body?

A

Aldosterone

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13
Q

True or False: The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

A

True

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14
Q

What is the primary function of glucagon?

A

To raise blood glucose levels.

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15
Q

Which gland is responsible for the production of thyroid hormones?

A

Thyroid gland

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16
Q

What hormone stimulates the production of red blood cells?

A

Erythropoietin

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ hormone promotes growth and development.

A

growth

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18
Q

What is the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

A

To regulate calcium levels in the blood.

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19
Q

True or False: Estrogen is a hormone found only in females.

A

False

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20
Q

What is the function of testosterone?

A

To regulate male reproductive tissues and secondary sexual characteristics.

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21
Q

Which hormone is secreted by the thymus gland?

A

Thymosin

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ system works alongside the nervous system to regulate body functions.

A

endocrine

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23
Q

What is the effect of cortisol on the body?

A

It helps regulate metabolism and immune response.

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24
Q

True or False: Hormones can only affect the organs that produce them.

A

False

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25
Q

What is the primary role of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system?

A

To link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland.

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26
Q

Which hormone is known as the ‘stress hormone’?

27
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ gland secretes hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development.

28
Q

What is the role of luteinizing hormone (LH)?

A

To trigger ovulation and stimulate testosterone production.

29
Q

True or False: Prolactin is involved in milk production.

30
Q

What is the function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

A

To regulate water balance in the body.

31
Q

Which hormone is responsible for the regulation of the menstrual cycle?

32
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ plays a critical role in regulating blood sugar levels.

33
Q

What type of feedback mechanism is most common in hormone regulation?

A

Negative feedback

34
Q

True or False: Hormones can have multiple effects on different tissues.

35
Q

What is the primary role of the adrenal cortex?

A

To produce steroid hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone.

36
Q

Which hormone is involved in the body’s circadian rhythms?

37
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is responsible for regulating calcium homeostasis.

A

parathyroid hormone

38
Q

What is the role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?

A

To stimulate the growth of ovarian follicles and sperm production.

39
Q

True or False: The endocrine system can only respond to stimuli from the external environment.

40
Q

What is the effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

A

To stimulate the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones.

41
Q

Which hormone decreases blood calcium levels?

A

Calcitonin

42
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ gland is involved in the stress response.

43
Q

What is the role of the pituitary gland?

A

To secrete hormones that regulate other endocrine glands.

44
Q

True or False: Hormones can be classified as either water-soluble or lipid-soluble.

45
Q

What is the primary function of the pancreas in the endocrine system?

A

To produce insulin and glucagon.

46
Q

Which hormone is involved in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance?

A

Aldosterone

47
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ stimulates the adrenal cortex to release cortisol.

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

48
Q

What is the main function of the thymus gland?

A

To produce hormones that promote the development of T-cells.

49
Q

True or False: The effects of hormones are always immediate.

50
Q

What is the role of gastrin?

A

To stimulate the secretion of gastric acid in the stomach.

51
Q

Which hormone is responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics?

52
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ hormone increases uterine contractions during childbirth.

53
Q

What is the effect of glucocorticoids?

A

To regulate metabolism and immune response during stress.

54
Q

True or False: Hormones can act on distant organs from where they are produced.

55
Q

What is the primary function of the posterior pituitary?

A

To release oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

56
Q

Which hormone increases blood sugar levels?

57
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ produces hormones that regulate the body’s stress response.

A

adrenal glands

58
Q

What is the role of somatostatin?

A

To inhibit the release of other hormones, including insulin and glucagon.

59
Q

True or False: The endocrine system operates independently of the nervous system.

60
Q

What is the primary function of the thyroid gland?

A

To regulate metabolism through the production of thyroid hormones.

61
Q

Which hormones are produced by the ovaries?

A

Estrogen and progesterone.

62
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a gland that regulates metabolism and calcium levels.

63
Q

What is the function of the pancreas’ exocrine component?

A

To produce digestive enzymes.

64
Q

True or False: Hormones can only be produced by specialized glands.

Reproductive System (3 decks)

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