Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Endocrine System > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

What does the endocrine system do?

A 
Reproduction 
Growth and development 
Mobilizes body defenses 
Maintains homeostasis 
Regulates metabolism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three ways hormones are activated?

A

Hormonal
Humoral
Neural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is hormonal activation?

A

Most common

Glands are stimulated by other hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is humoral activation?

A

Indicates fluid such as blood or bile stimulates hormonal release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is neural activation?

A

When nerve impulse stimulate hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the pituitary gland?

A

Called master endocrine gland
Hangs from hypothalamus
Has two functional lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two functional lobes of the pituitary gland?

A

Anterior and posterior pituitary lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the anterior pituitary lobe made out of?

A

Glandular tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the posterior pituitary lobe made out of?

A

Neural tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is human growth hormone? (HGH)

A

General metabolic hormone
Involved in growth of skeletal muscles and long bones
Determines final body size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is prolactin? (PRL)

A

Helps stimulate and maintain milk production after child birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is adrenocorticotrophic hormone? (ACTH)

A

Regulates endocrine activity of adrenal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the thyroid stimulating hormone? (TSH)

A

Influences growth and activity of thyroid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the two divisions of the gonadotrophic hormone? (GH)

A 
Follicle stimulating (FAH) 
Lutenizing (LH)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the follicle stimulating hormone do in both male and females?

A

Stimulate follicle development in ovaries

Stimulates perm development in testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the lutenizing hormone do in both male and females?

A

Triggers ovulation

Stimulates testosterone production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What hormones does the posterior pituitary gland secrete?

A

Oxytocin and anti diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does the posterior pituitary gland do?

A

Acts as a storage facility for hormones made in hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the hormone oxytocin do?

A

Promotes uterus contractions during labor, sex and breast feeding
Also cause milk ejection in breast feeding women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does the hormone antidiuretic do?

A

Inhibits urine production

Promotes water absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the thyroid gland?

A

Located at base of throat and and secretes two hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the two hormones of the thyroid gland?

A

Thyroid hormone and calcitonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the thyroid hormone?

A

Major metabolic hormone
Controls rate where glucose is burned
Tissue of growth and development
Contains T3 and T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is T3?

A

Triodothyronine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is T4?

A

Thyroxine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is goiters?

A

Enlargement of thyroid gland due to lack of iodine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is cretinism?

A

Cause by hypo secretion of T4

Results in childhood dwarfism

28
Q

What is myxedema?

A

Hypothyroidism in adults

Causes weight gain

29
Q

What is Graves’ disease?

A

Hyperthyroidism

Rapid weight loss

30
Q

What is calcitonin?

A

Decrease blood calcium levels by depositing excessive calcium in bones

31
Q

What is the parathyroid gland?

A

Stimulates osteoclasts

Stimulates kidneys and intestines

32
Q

What are pancreatic islets?

A

Endocrine and exocrine function

Two antagonist hormones

33
Q

What is insulin?

A

Released when blood glucose levels are high

Increased rate of glucose uptake and metabolism by body cells

34
Q

What is glucagon?

A

Released when blood glucose levels are decreased

Stimulates liver to release glucose into blood

35
Q

What is diabetes mellitus?

A

Blood sugar levels increase dramatically

Glucose is spilled out in the urine

36
Q

What is type one diabetes?

A

Does not produce insulin and are insulin DEpendent

37
Q

What is type two diabetes?

A

Adult onset caused by obesity

38
Q

What is Gestational diabetes?

A

Diabetes triggered by pregnancy

39
Q

What is the pineal gland?

A

Located posterior to 3rd ventricle of brain

40
Q

What does melatonin do?

A

Establish body sleep and wake cycle

41
Q

What is the thymus gland?

A

Posterior to sternum

Largest in infants and gets smaller as you get older

42
Q

What is thymosin?

A

Help immune system develop

Help white blood cells mature

43
Q

What are the gonads in males and females?

A

Female is ovaries and males is testes

44
Q

What is estrogen?

A

Reproductive organs mature

Help produce secondary sex characteristics (breasts, hips)

45
Q

What is progesterone?

A

Help promotes breast development
Regulate menstrual cycle
Helps embryo attach into the uterus
Prepare breasts for lactation

46
Q

What is testosterone?

A

Required for sperm production
Promotes growth and maturation of reproductive cycles
Secondary sex characteristics (hair, voice)

47
Q

What is the endocrine system?

A

Second controlling center of body

48
Q

What is the hormone that regulates development of T cells?

A

Thyroid hormone

49
Q

What triggers ovulation and hormone production by ovaries and promotes testosterone production in testes?

A

Lutenizing hormone

50
Q

What controls calcium balance in the blood and targets bones?

A

Calcitonin

51
Q

What stimulates ovarian follicle in ovaries and stimulates testes to develop sperm?

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

52
Q

What targets adrenal cortex to release hormones?

A

Adrenocorticotrophic

53
Q

Stimulates thyroid gland to release thyroid hormone?

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone

54
Q

Increases metabolism and targets nearly every cell in the body?

A

Parathyroid hormone

55
Q

What remotes maturation of the male reproductive organs, causes appearance of the secondary sex characteristics, promotes normal sperm development?

A

Testosterone

56
Q

Increase glucose into the blood and targets the liver

A

Insulin

57
Q

What helps with regulating sleep cycle?

A

Melatonin

58
Q

What targets the pituitary gland via nerves and blood flow?

A

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

59
Q

What helps to decrease glucose in the blood and targets the liver and tissue cells?

A

Glucagon

60
Q

What helps to target muscle, bone and other tissue to grow?

A

Human growth hormone

61
Q

What helps resist stressors by helping to regulate glucose?

A

Cortisol

62
Q

What helps stimulate uterine contraction in labor and intimates milk ejection in breasts?

A

Oxytocin

63
Q

What stimulates kidneys to reabsorb water?

A

Antidiuretic hormone

64
Q

What plays a role in sexual development and sex drive?

A

Androgens

65
Q

What promotes lactation in breast?

A

Prolactin

66
Q

What promotes maturation of the female reproductive organs, promote breast development, promote cyclic change in the uterus?

A

Estrogens and progesterone

67
Q

Regulates sodium and potassium

A

Aldosterone

Endocrine System (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions