Endocrine System Flashcards
Define Hormone.
A hormone is a non-nutrient chemical, which acts as an intercellular messenger, and is produced in trace amounts.
List the endocrine glands of the body. How many are there?
Pineal, Pituitary, Pancreas, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Gonads, Thymus. 8.
Hypothalamus is made up of ? cells.
Neuroscretory.
Location of hypothalamus?
Base of thalamus, which is in the forebrain.
Why is hypothalamus called master of master gland?
Hypothalamic hormones regulate the secretions of pituitary gland.
Types of hypothalamic hormones?
Inhibitory and Releasing.
Releasing Hypothalamic Hormone?
Gonadotropin.
Inhibitory Hypothalamic Hormone?
Somatostatin (inhibits release of GH).
Pituitary Gland is also called?
Hypophysis.
Where is hypophysis present?
In a bony cavity, called sella tursica, @ the sphenoid bone.
How is pituitary gland attached to the hypothalamus?
By a stalk, infundibulum.
Hypophysis is divided into?
Adenohypophysis and Neurohypophysis.
In most humans, pars distalis is merged with what?
Pars intermedia.
Pars intermedia and Pars distils make up the?
Adenohypophysis.
Pars distalis produces?
GH, PRL, LH, FSH, ACTH and TSH.
3 diseases caused by insufficient or excess production of GH.
Excess GH in adults: acromegaly.
Excess in children: gigantism.
Insufficient in children: dwarfism.
Prolactin helps in? and is produced by?
helps in formation and regulation of milk from mammary glands. produced by pars distalis.
Which hormones are the tropic hormones?
LH and FSH.
