endocrine system Flashcards
glands and hormones
what is the endocrine system?
collection of glands around the body which regulate bodily functions, growth and psychological factors
acts by releasing chemical messengers called hormones into the bloodstream
what is the function and location of the pituitary gland?
controls release of hormones from other glands
known as master gland
located in brain below the hypothalamus
what hormones does the pituitary gland release?
ACTH - adrenocorticotropic hormone - released by anterior pituitary gland
oxytocin - released by posterior pituitary gland
what is the function and location of the hypothalamus?
links the nervous system to the endocrine system in combination with pituitary gland
maintains homeostasis
located in brain above pituitary gland
what hormones does the hypothalamus release?
CRH - corticotropin-releasing hormone - during fight or flight
what is the function and location of the pineal gland?
modulates sleep pattern
keeps body to day-night circadian rhythm
located in brain behind the hypothalamus
what hormone does the pineal gland release?
melatonin
what is the function and location of the thyroid gland?
modulates metabolism
located in front of the neck - butterfly shaped
what hormone does the thyroid gland release?
thyroxine
what is the function and location of the thymus gland?
stimulates the development of T cells that work in the immune system helping with disease-resistance - active until puberty
located in chest
what hormones does the thymus release?
thymosin
what is the function and location of the pancreas gland?
regulates blood sugar levels
problems with regulation may lead to diabetes
located in pancreas
what hormones does the pancreas release?
insulin
glucagon
what is the function and location of the adrenal glands?
regulates biological effects of fight or flight response
increases heart rate, blood supply to muscles and sweat
located above each kidney
what hormones does the adrenal gland release?
adrenaline and noradrenaline - adrenal medulla
cortisol - adrenal cortex