Endocrine System Flashcards
Endocrine System is system that?
regulates, controls, and communicate
Endocrine is more slower and more longer lasting effect than the nervous system T/F?
True
It is a ductless system that releases its chemical messengers directly into the blood
Endocrine System
Functions of Hormones
- regulate chemical composition; metabolism of the body
- Growth and development
- Regulate operation of reproductive systems.
4.Help establish circadian rhythm
The chemical messengers of the endocrine glands are called
Hormones
A) Endocrine Hormone- Steriod is? Lipid or H2O soluble?
Lipid soluble; made from cholesterol
e.g: estrogen
B. Non- steroid is H20 or Lipid soluble?
H20 soluble- made from amino acids
e.g Adrenaline
Steroid hormones enter? Do they interact with DNA
Target cells, and DIRECTLY interact with DNA which results in their effects on cell metabolism
Nonsteroid hormones enter or do not enter the target cells?
Do NOT enter the target cells; but bind to a protein receptor on the external cell membrane, which triggers change inside cell
Lipid soluble hormones affect cell function by:
acting on “gene expression” (genes to proteins)
Water-soluble hormones are?
hormones alter cell function by activating plasma membrane receptors, which trigger the production of a second messenger that activates various proteins inside the cell.
Mechanism of Action of Lipid-Soluble Hormones Image
Slide 8-10
is considered the “master gland” endocrine gland.
Pituitary gland
The pituitary gland, has itself a control centre, called?
the hypothalamus
The pituitary consists of two lobes:
the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary.
Hormones of the pituitary gland are controlled by inhibiting and releasing chemicals produced by the
Hypothalamus
The anterior pituitary consists of cells that produce how many different hormones?
7
Hormone that stimulates body growth through insulin-like growth factors (IGFs)
- human Growth Hormone (hGH)
Hormone that initiates and maintains milk production by the mammary glands.
Prolactin (PRL)
Hormone that regulates thyroid gland activities.
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) –
Hormone that Regulates reproductive hormones
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Hormone that regulates activities of the reproductive hormones (ovaries and testes).
Luteinizing hormone (LH) –
Hormone that regulates activities of the adrenal cortex.
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) –
- Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) – causes?
excessive amount of MSH causes darkening of the skin.
This posterior pituitary releases 2 key hormones;
- Oxytocin; which stimulates contraction of the Uterus, and release of milk from the breasts,
- Antidiuretic hormone; hormone (ADH); which stimulates H20 reabsorption by the kidneys and constriction of arterioles.