Endocrine System

Question 1

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Answer 1

Anterior Pituitary - Peptide - Follicle maturation in females spermatogenesis in males.

Question 2

Luteinizing Hormone

Answer 2

Anterior Pituitary - Peptide - Ovulation in females, testosterone in males.

Question 3

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Answer 3

Anterior Pituitary - Peptide - Stimulates adrenal cortex synthesize and secrete glucocorticoids.

Question 4

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Answer 4

Anterior Pituitary - Peptide - Stimulate thyroid.

Question 5

Prolactin

Answer 5

Anterior Pituitary - Peptide - Stimulates milk production and secretion.

Question 6

Endorphins

Answer 6

Anterior Pituitary - Peptide - Decreases pain, causes euphoria

Question 7

Growth Hormone (GH)

Answer 7

Anterior Pituitary - Peptide - Stimulates bone and muscle growth, raises blood glucose levels.

Question 8

Vasopressin (Antidiuretic Hormone, ADH)

Answer 8

Hypothalamus (via Posterior Pituitary) - Peptide - Stimulates water reabsorption in kidneys.

Question 9

Oxytocin

Answer 9

Hypothalamus (via Posterior Pituitary) - Peptide - Stimulates uterine contraction, milk secretion, and promotes bonding behavior.

Question 10

Triiodothyronine (T3), and Thyroxine (T4)

Answer 10

Thyroid (follicular cells) - Amino Acid Derivative - Stimulates metabolic activity.

Question 11

Calcitonin

Answer 11

Thyroid (parafollicular cells) - Peptide - Decreases blood calcium.

Question 12

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Answer 12

Parathyroids - Peptide - Increases blood calcium.

Question 13

Glucocorticoids (cortisol, cortisone)

Answer 13

Adrenal Cortex - Steroid - Increases blood glucose, decrease protein synthesis, anti-inflammatory.

Question 14

Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)

Answer 14

Adrenal Cortex - Steroid - Increases water reabsorption in the kidney. Reabsorbs Na and excretes K+ and H+).

Question 15

Catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine)

Answer 15

Adrenal Medulla - Amino Acid Derivative - Stress response.

Question 16

Glucagon

Answer 16

Pancreas (alpha cells) - Peptide - Increases blood glucose by glycogen breakdown.

Question 17

Insulin

Answer 17

Pancreas (beta cells) - Peptide - Decreases blood glucose by promoting anabolic processes.

Question 18

Somatostatin

Answer 18

Pancreas (delta cells) - Peptide - Suppression on glucagon and insulin secretion.

Question 19

Testosterone

Answer 19

Testis, adrenal cortex - Steroid - Development of male sex characteristics.

Question 20

Estrogen

Answer 20

Ovary - Steroid - Development of female secondary sex characteristics.

Question 21

Progesterone

Answer 21

Ovary - Steroid - promotes endometrium maintenance.

Question 22

Melatonin

Answer 22

Pineal Gland - Peptide - Circadian rhythm.

Question 23

Erythropoietin

Answer 23

Kidney - Peptide - Stimulates bone marrow to produce erythrocytes.

Question 24

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)

Answer 24

Atria - Peptide - Promotes salt and water excretion.

Question 25

Thymosin

Answer 25

Thymus - Peptide - Stimulates T-cell development.

Question 26

GnRH

Answer 26

Gonadotropin releasing hormone. Releases LH and FSH.

Question 27

GHRH

Answer 27

GH releasing hormone

Question 28

TRH

Answer 28

Thyroid releasing hormone. Releases TSH.

Question 29

CRF

Answer 29

Corticotropin-releasing factor. Releases ACTH