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Medical Terminology > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

acr/o

A

extremity, tip

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2
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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3
Q

adren/o, adrenal/o

A

adrenal gland

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4
Q

-arche

A

beginning, first occurence

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5
Q

cortic/o

A

outer surface

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6
Q

crin/o

A

secrete

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7
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder, sac

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8
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

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9
Q

gluc/o, glucos/o, glyc/o

A

sugar

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10
Q

cerumin/o

A

ear wax

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11
Q

gonad/o

A

gonad

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12
Q

hormon/o

A

hormone, a chemical messenger or regulatory chemical

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13
Q

hyper-

A

excessive, above, increased

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14
Q

hypo-

A

insufficient, too little, below, decreased

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15
Q

hypophys/o

A

pituitary gland

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16
Q

kal/o

A

potassium (from Latin “kalium”)

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17
Q

ket/o, keton/o

A

ketone body

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18
Q

natr/o

A

sodium (from Latin “natrium”)

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19
Q

neo-

A

new

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20
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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21
Q

para-

A

near, beside

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22
Q

pituitar/o

A

pituitary gland

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23
Q

-plasia

A

development, formation, growth

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24
Q

pseudo-

A

fake, false, not genuine

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25
Q

thel/o

A

nipple

26
Q

thym/o

A

thymus

27
Q

thyr/o

A

thyrus

28
Q

thyr/o, thyriod/o

A

thyroid

29
Q

-tropin

A

stimulating hormone

30
Q

-uria

A

urine condition

31
Q

acromegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of the extremities

32
Q

adrenal virilism

A

excessive production of adrenal androgens causing development of male characteristics

33
Q

amenorrhea

A

lack of menstrual flow

34
Q

diabetes insipidus

A

a condition causing polyuria due to hyposecretion of or resistance to antidiuretic hormone

35
Q

diabetic mellitus

A

metabolic disease characterized by excessive urination and hyperglycemia

36
Q

diabetic ketoacidosis

A

acidity of the blood caused by the presence of ketone bodies produced when the body is unable to utilize sugar and thus, must burn fat for energy

37
Q

exophthalmos

A

protrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket

38
Q

galactorrhea

A

discharge of milk

39
Q

goiter

A

thyromegaly, enlargement of the thyroid gland, thyrocele

40
Q

Graves’ disease

A

thyrotoxicosis, autoimmune hyperparathyroidism characterized by exophthalmos

41
Q

gynecomastia

A

development of breast tissue in males

42
Q

Hashimoto thyroiditis

A

autoimmune condition that attacks the thyroid gland. It is the number one cause of hyperthyroidism in the United States

43
Q

hirsutism

A

excessive growth of facial and body hair in women

44
Q

insulinoma

A

tumor that secretes insulin (found in the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas)

45
Q

menarche

A

beginning of first menstruation

46
Q

myxedema

A

advanced hyperthyroidism in adults causing edema (swelling) under the skin

47
Q

pancreatic pseudocyst

A

abnormally expanded area in the pancreas resembling a cyst

48
Q

pituitary dwarfism

A

abnormally short height caused by hyposecretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland

49
Q

pituitary gigantism

A

abnormally tall height caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland

50
Q

pituitary infarction/apoplexy

A

death of pituitary gland usually due to hemorrhaging and associated with a pituitary tumor

51
Q

polysipsia

A

excessive thirst

52
Q

polyphagia

A

excessive hunger

53
Q

thelarche

A

the beginning of breast development

54
Q

continuous glucose monitor

A

a compact device that regularly monitors glucose levels in the blood

55
Q

continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion

A

continuous injection of insulin into the blood from a pump worn by the patient

56
Q

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

A

procedure used to examine the ducts of the pancreas and gall bladder in which an endoscope is passed backward from the digestive tract into the bile duct

57
Q

glucosuria

A

diagnostic finding of glucose in the urine, usually a sign of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus

58
Q

glycemic index

A

ranking of food based on the way it affects sugar levels in the blood

59
Q

laparascopic adrenalectomy

A

removal of an adrenal gland by means of a laparascope

60
Q

radioactive iodine uptake test

A

imaging procedure that measures levels of radioactivity in the thyroid after administration of radioactive iodine either orally or intravenously

Medical Terminology (2 decks)

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