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Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

Endo/Exo - Bloodstream/ductless

A

Endocrine

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2
Q

Endo/Exo - Tubules/ ducts

A

Exocrine

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3
Q

Chemical Messengers are APNtNh

A

Autocrine
Paracrine
Neurotransmitters
Neurohormone/endocrine/hormones

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4
Q

2 parts to produce effect

A

Ligand & Receptor

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5
Q

Chemical messenger that stimulates the same cell

A

Autocrine

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6
Q

Chemical messenger that has effect on other tissues

A

paracrine

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7
Q

Chemical messenger that is produced/secreted by neurons

A

Neurotransmitter

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8
Q

Chemical messenger that travel through bloodstream

A

Neurohormones/endocrine/hormones

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9
Q

Example of autocrine

A

Eicosanoids (sleep induction)

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10
Q

Example of paracrine

A

Histamine

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11
Q

Own ligand going to other cell’s receptor

A

paracrine

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12
Q

Example of neurotransmitters

A

acetylcholine

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13
Q

Is neurotransmitters released through bloodstreams? if not then where?

A

no, it is secreted into synaptic cleft

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14
Q

What does neurotransmitters affect (end of the process)

A

Postsynaptic neurons

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15
Q

Example of endocrine chemical messengers

A

Growth hormones, insulin, epinephrine

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16
Q

2 natures of hormones are

A

Water-soluble & lipid-soluble

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17
Q

W.S OR L.S - large

A

water-soluble hormones

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18
Q

example of water-soluble h

A

growth hormone, antidiuretic

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19
Q

example of lipid-soluble

A

steroids, eicosanoids

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20
Q

which nature has faster effect and shorter half life

A

water-soluble. because it is rapidly broken in bloodstreams= fast effect

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21
Q

W.S OR L.S - binding protein

A

LS

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22
Q

explain the process of water-soluble

A

endocrine cell > water-soluble hormones > bloodstream > membrane-bound-receptor > target cell

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23
Q

explain process of lipid-soluble

A

Endocrine cell > lipid-soluble hormones > binding proteins > bloodstreams > nuclear receptor > target cell

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24
Q

what are water-soluble hormones not attached to receptor

A

free hormones

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25
3 stimulation of hormone release
humoral, neural & hormonal
26
what is humoral stimuli process
responsive to LOW IONS in the bloodstream
27
what is neural stimuli process
involves sympathetic nervous system. example of this is the secretion of epinephrine & norepinephrine during exercise
28
What is hormonal process
secreted hormone triggers secretion of other hormones. Ex. Hormones in hypothalamus trigger the secretion of hormone in anterior pituitary gland
29
AP PP TH PT A P T O THY PIN
Anterior pituitary posterior pituitary thyroid parathyroid adrenal pancreas testes ovaries thymus pineal
30
Hormone of Anterior pituitary
.
31
Term for posterior pituitary
neurohypophysis
32
Term for anterior pituitary
Adenohypophysis
33
Hormones of APG
1. Growth Hormone (GH) 2. Thyroid-stimulating Hormone (TSH) 3. Gonadotropic hormone - Luteinizing hormone (LH) 4. Gonadotropic- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 5. Prolactin 6. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) 7. Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ADH)
34
Function of GH
stimulates growth of bones and muscle
35
Function of TSH
Regulate thyroid secretions
36
Function of Gonadotropic- LH
M- production of testosterone, sperm F- Ovulation, progesterone production
37
Function of Gonadotrophic- FSH
M- Sperm production F- Follicle maturation, estrogen production
38
Function of Prolactin
Milk Production (mammary)
39
Function of Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
Melanin production in melanocytes
40
Function of Adrenocorticotrophic
Stimulate production of certain corticosteroids (cells of adrenal cortex)
41
hormones of Posterior pituitary gland __ & __
Antidiuretic & Oxcytocin
42
Function of Antidiuretic
Help kidney to control amount of water and salt
43
Function of Oxytocin
increase uterine contraction during labor
44
hormones in thyroid gland __ & __
Thyroid hormone & calcitonin
45
Function of thyroid hormone/thyroxine
increase metabolic rates/ for growth (most tissues)
46
Function of calcitonin
Decrease rate of bone breakdown/ blood calcium level
47
Parathyroid gland- function of PTH
Increase rate of bone breakdown/ blood calcium level
48
Adrenal Glands has adrenal ___ and adrenal ___
medulla and cortex
49
Hormone in adrenal medulla and function
Epinephrine- for fight or flight response to stress
50
Hormones in adrenal cortex and function
*Mineralocorticoids- regulation of ion levels *Glucocorticoids- increase breakdown of protein and fat for energy consumption/ reduce inflammatory *Adrenal androgens- F-sex drive M-secondary characteristics
51
Hormones in pancreas
Insulin & Glucagon
52
Function of insulin
decrease blood glucose levels
53
Function of glucagon
increase blood glucose levels
54
hormones of testes and ovaries
T- testosterone O- estrogen and progesterone
55
function of the hormones of testes and ovaries
Testosterone- aids in reproductive organ function and developments Estrogen, progesterone- uterine and mammary gland development
56
Hormone and function of thymus gland
Hormone is thymosin. function is to promote immune system development and function
57
Hormone and Function of Pineal gland
hormone-melatonin function- controls circadian rhythms
58
Layers of adrenal cortex layer and their hormones
Glamerulosa- mineralocorticoids Fasiculata- glucocorticoids Reticulata- sex hormones
59
This hormone stimulate the secretion of another hormone
tropic hormones
60
Analogy. Water-soluble hormones:Membrane bound receptor Lipid-soluble hormones:___
nuclear receptor
61
Analogy Ligand: first messenger _____: Second messenger
cAMP / cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate

Endocrine System (1 decks)

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