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Endocrine System > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

Endo/Exo - Bloodstream/ductless

A

Endocrine

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2
Q

Endo/Exo - Tubules/ ducts

A

Exocrine

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3
Q

Chemical Messengers are APNtNh

A

Autocrine
Paracrine
Neurotransmitters
Neurohormone/endocrine/hormones

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4
Q

2 parts to produce effect

A

Ligand & Receptor

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5
Q

Chemical messenger that stimulates the same cell

A

Autocrine

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6
Q

Chemical messenger that has effect on other tissues

A

paracrine

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7
Q

Chemical messenger that is produced/secreted by neurons

A

Neurotransmitter

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8
Q

Chemical messenger that travel through bloodstream

A

Neurohormones/endocrine/hormones

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9
Q

Example of autocrine

A

Eicosanoids (sleep induction)

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10
Q

Example of paracrine

A

Histamine

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11
Q

Own ligand going to other cell’s receptor

A

paracrine

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12
Q

Example of neurotransmitters

A

acetylcholine

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13
Q

Is neurotransmitters released through bloodstreams? if not then where?

A

no, it is secreted into synaptic cleft

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14
Q

What does neurotransmitters affect (end of the process)

A

Postsynaptic neurons

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15
Q

Example of endocrine chemical messengers

A

Growth hormones, insulin, epinephrine

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16
Q

2 natures of hormones are

A

Water-soluble & lipid-soluble

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17
Q

W.S OR L.S - large

A

water-soluble hormones

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18
Q

example of water-soluble h

A

growth hormone, antidiuretic

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19
Q

example of lipid-soluble

A

steroids, eicosanoids

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20
Q

which nature has faster effect and shorter half life

A

water-soluble. because it is rapidly broken in bloodstreams= fast effect

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21
Q

W.S OR L.S - binding protein

A

LS

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22
Q

explain the process of water-soluble

A

endocrine cell > water-soluble hormones > bloodstream > membrane-bound-receptor > target cell

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23
Q

explain process of lipid-soluble

A

Endocrine cell > lipid-soluble hormones > binding proteins > bloodstreams > nuclear receptor > target cell

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24
Q

what are water-soluble hormones not attached to receptor

A

free hormones

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25
Q

3 stimulation of hormone release

A

humoral, neural & hormonal

26
Q

what is humoral stimuli process

A

responsive to LOW IONS in the bloodstream

27
Q

what is neural stimuli process

A

involves sympathetic nervous system. example of this is the secretion of epinephrine & norepinephrine during exercise

28
Q

What is hormonal process

A

secreted hormone triggers secretion of other hormones.

Ex. Hormones in hypothalamus trigger the secretion of hormone in anterior pituitary gland

29
Q

AP PP TH PT A P T O THY PIN

A

Anterior pituitary
posterior pituitary
thyroid
parathyroid
adrenal
pancreas
testes
ovaries
thymus
pineal

30
Q

Hormone of Anterior pituitary

A

.

31
Q

Term for posterior pituitary

A

neurohypophysis

32
Q

Term for anterior pituitary

A

Adenohypophysis

33
Q

Hormones of APG

A
  1. Growth Hormone (GH)
  2. Thyroid-stimulating Hormone (TSH)
  3. Gonadotropic hormone - Luteinizing hormone (LH)
  4. Gonadotropic- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
  5. Prolactin
  6. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
  7. Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ADH)
34
Q

Function of GH

A

stimulates growth of bones and muscle

35
Q

Function of TSH

A

Regulate thyroid secretions

36
Q

Function of Gonadotropic- LH

A

M- production of testosterone, sperm
F- Ovulation, progesterone production

37
Q

Function of Gonadotrophic- FSH

A

M- Sperm production
F- Follicle maturation, estrogen production

38
Q

Function of Prolactin

A

Milk Production (mammary)

39
Q

Function of Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

A

Melanin production in melanocytes

40
Q

Function of Adrenocorticotrophic

A

Stimulate production of certain corticosteroids (cells of adrenal cortex)

41
Q

hormones of Posterior pituitary gland __ & __

A

Antidiuretic & Oxcytocin

42
Q

Function of Antidiuretic

A

Help kidney to control amount of water and salt

43
Q

Function of Oxytocin

A

increase uterine contraction during labor

44
Q

hormones in thyroid gland __ & __

A

Thyroid hormone & calcitonin

45
Q

Function of thyroid hormone/thyroxine

A

increase metabolic rates/ for growth (most tissues)

46
Q

Function of calcitonin

A

Decrease rate of bone breakdown/ blood calcium level

47
Q

Parathyroid gland- function of PTH

A

Increase rate of bone breakdown/ blood calcium level

48
Q

Adrenal Glands has adrenal ___ and adrenal ___

A

medulla and cortex

49
Q

Hormone in adrenal medulla and function

A

Epinephrine- for fight or flight response to stress

50
Q

Hormones in adrenal cortex and function

A

*Mineralocorticoids- regulation of ion levels
*Glucocorticoids- increase breakdown of protein and fat for energy consumption/ reduce inflammatory
*Adrenal androgens- F-sex drive M-secondary characteristics

51
Q

Hormones in pancreas

A

Insulin & Glucagon

52
Q

Function of insulin

A

decrease blood glucose levels

53
Q

Function of glucagon

A

increase blood glucose levels

54
Q

hormones of testes and ovaries

A

T- testosterone
O- estrogen and progesterone

55
Q

function of the hormones of testes and ovaries

A

Testosterone- aids in reproductive organ function and developments
Estrogen, progesterone- uterine and mammary gland development

56
Q

Hormone and function of thymus gland

A

Hormone is thymosin. function is to promote immune system development and function

57
Q

Hormone and Function of Pineal gland

A

hormone-melatonin
function- controls circadian rhythms

58
Q

Layers of adrenal cortex layer and their hormones

A

Glamerulosa- mineralocorticoids
Fasiculata- glucocorticoids
Reticulata- sex hormones

59
Q

This hormone stimulate the secretion of another hormone

A

tropic hormones

60
Q

Analogy.
Water-soluble hormones:Membrane bound receptor

Lipid-soluble hormones:___

A

nuclear receptor

61
Q

Analogy
Ligand: first messenger
_____: Second messenger

A

cAMP / cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate

Endocrine System (1 decks)

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