Endocrine System

Question 1

What is a Hormone?

Answer 1

is an organic susbtance/ protein or steroid that is secreted by an endocrine gland into the bloodstream where it regulates metabolic reactions

Question 2

What is a target organ

Answer 2

a target organ is an organ or receptor sites that have cells that respond to a hormone

Question 3

what is the difference between an endocrine and exocrine gland

Answer 3

an endocrine gland secretes hormones into the blood stream to the target organ

an exocrine gland secretes hormones into the ducts (carried in ducts)

Question 4

an oversecretion of a hormone

Answer 4

hypersecretion

Question 5

undersecretion of a hormone

Answer 5

hyposecretion

Question 6

what are the consequences of a hypersecretion of the growth hormone

Answer 6

results in overdevelopment of the skeleton (gigantisim)

I.E Ethan Murray

Question 7

what are the consequences of a hyposecretion of growth hormone

Answer 7

results in the underdevelopment of the skeleton also know as pituitary dwarfism results in sexual immaturity

Question 8

Explain what hormone the hypothalamus secretes

Answer 8

secretes ADH

Question 9

what is the role of ADH

Answer 9

ADH helps to conserve water by reabsrbing water back into the blood from the collecting ducts of kidney resulting in less water in urine being excreted

Question 10

Significance of Pituitary gland

Answer 10

Pituitary Gland is a master gland secretes most of the hormones neccessary for metabolic reactions to take place

Question 11

what hormone does the thyroid gland secrete

Answer 11

secretes thyroxin

Question 12

what is the role of thyroxin

Answer 12

increases basal metabolic rate, normal functioning of nervous system and heart beat

Question 13

undersecretion of thyroxine

Answer 13

hypothyroidism

Question 14

conditions of hypothyrodism

Answer 14

myxoedema which causes mental sluggishness and low blood pressure

cretinism- child does not grow, resulting in sexual immaturity

Question 15

conditions of hyperthyroidism

Answer 15

increase of body temperature and nervous activity and can cause muscular tremors

Question 16

condition of lack of iodine

Answer 16

goitre

Question 17

What is homeostasis

Answer 17

keeping the body in an optimal state

Question 18

define what negative feedback is

Answer 18

negative feedback is a control mechanism in which a change from the set point of any factor is corrected by bringing about a change in the opposite direction.

Question 19

what is the negative system made up of?

Answer 19

it is made up of an receptor that detects a change

made up of a control system processes information and activates correct mechanisms

made up of an effector that responds and corrects change

Question 20

what is the function of the Pancreas

Answer 20

Exocrine Function- Which is the secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum which assists with chemical digestion

Endocrine Function: Hormones are secreted by cells called Islets of Langerhands which secrete Insulin and Glucagon

Question 21

What cell secretes Insulin and function of insulin

Answer 21

Beta Cells lowers blood glucose

Question 22

what cell secretes Glucagon and function

Answer 22

Alpha cells and increases blood glucose

Question 23

Diabetes

Answer 23

a chronic disease of high blood glucose level

Question 24

what is type 1 diabetes

Answer 24

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the insulin secreting cells are destroyed

Question 25

condition glucose not moving into cells

Answer 25

hyperglaecemia

Question 26

type 1 diabetes treatment

Answer 26

insulin injections to test blood glucose level

Question 27

what is type 2 diabetes

Answer 27

it is a condition that occurs during lifestyle and insulin is not used correctly or not produced

Question 28

symptoms of type 2 diabetes

Answer 28

sluggishness, blurred vision and swollen feet

Question 29

what factors cause type 2 diabetes

Answer 29

diet high in carbohydrates

lack of exercise increase in age

Question 30

solutions to type diabetes

Answer 30

diet high in fats

exercise