Endocrine System 1

Question 1

What hormones are responsible for the development of the secondary sex characteristics of the female at puberty and brings about cyclic changes in the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle (with progesterone)?

Answer 1

Estrogens

Question 2

What hormone brings about cyclic changes in the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle (with estrogen), as well as maintaining the uterine musculature in a quiescent state during pregnancy and preparing breast tissue for?

Answer 2

Progesterone

Question 3

Which is the Prohormone that is slit by enzymes into ACTH and MSH?

Answer 3

Pro-opiomelanocortin

Question 4

What stimulates the liver to break down glycogen, when blood glucose is low, to glucose and release it into the blood?

Answer 4

Glucagon

Question 5

What hormone causes the distal and collecting tubules of the kidneys to reabsorb more water from the urinary filtrate, thereby reducing urine output and conserving body water?

Answer 5

Antidiuretic Hormone(ADH)

Question 6

What substance decreases blood sugar levels by accelerating transport of glucose into the body’s cells?

Answer 6

Insulin

Question 7

What hormone is known to play a role in biological rhythms, also may exert some inhibitory effect on the reproductive system that prevents precocious sexual maturation?

Answer 7

Melatonin

Question 8

What hormone stimulates powerful uterine contractions during childbirth and coitus and also causes milk ejection in nursing mothers?

Answer 8

Oxytocin

Question 9

What hormone regulates the endocrine activity of the cortex region of the adrenal gland?

Answer 9

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Question 10

What hormone causes release of calcium from the bone matrix and prods the kidney to reabsorb more calcium and less phosphate from the filtrate?

Answer 10

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Question 11

Which hormone influences the growth and activity of the thyroid gland?

Answer 11

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)/ Thyrotropin

Question 12

What is a general metabolic hormone that plays a role in determining body size, growth of muscle and long bones of the body?

Answer 12

Growth Hormone (GH)

Question 13

Which hormone stimulates breast development and promotes and maintains lactation by the mammary glands after childbirth?

Answer 13

Prolactin

Question 14

Which hormone decreases blood calcium levels by stimulating calcium salt deposit in bones?

Answer 14

Calcitonin

Question 15

What hormone regulates water and electrolyte balance in the extracellular fluids mainly by regulating sodium reabsorption in the kidneys?

Answer 15

Aldosterone/Mineralcorticoids

Question 16

What hormone stimulates a target organ, that is an endocrine organ, to secrete it’s hormones?

Answer 16

A Tropic Hormone

Question 17

Abnormal hairiness due to hyposecretions of the ganodocorticoids is called?

Answer 17

Hirsutism

Question 18

ADH and Oxytocin are produced in what two neuronal regions of the hypothalamus?

Answer 18

Paraventricular Nuclei/Supraoptic Nuclei

Question 19

What hormone is responsible for the development of the secondary sex characteristics of the male at puberty and is responsible for the sex drive/libido?

Answer 19

Testosterone

Question 20

Give one symptom of Hypoglycemia.

Answer 20

Anxiety/Nervousness/Tremors/Weakness

Question 21

Give the characteristics of Diabetes Mellitus.

Answer 21

Characterized by the inability of body cells to utilize glucose and it’s subsequent loss in the urine

Question 22

Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults result in what?

Answer 22

Acromegaly

Question 23

Hypersecretion of growth hormone in children results in what?

Answer 23

Gigantism

Question 24

Hypersecretion of gonadocorticoids may cause what condition?

Answer 24

Hirsutism/Virilism/Gynecomastia

Question 25

Hyposecretion of ADH results in dehydration from excessive urine output, what is this condition called?

Answer 25

Diabetes Insipidus

Question 26

Hyposecretion of growth hormone in children results in what?

Answer 26

Pituitary Dwarfism

Question 27

In what adrenal cortex zona are the glucocorticoids produced?

Answer 27

Zona Fasciculata/ Zona Reticularis

Question 28

In what adrenal cortex zona are the mineralcorticoids produced?

Answer 28

Zona Glomerulosa

Question 29

In what adrenal cortex zona are the sex hormones produced?

Answer 29

Zona Reticularis

Question 30

Low blood sugar is called?

Answer 30

Hypoglycemia

Question 31

Mental and physical sluggishness in adults caused by hyposecretion of thyroxine is called?

Answer 31

Myxedema

Question 32

Name one Gonadocorticoid hormone.

Answer 32

Estrogens/Androgens

Question 33

Name one Gonadotropic hormone.

Answer 33

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)/ Lutenizing Hormone (LH)

Question 34

Name one hormonal product of the pancreas.

Answer 34

Insulin/ Glucagon

Question 35

Name one hormone produced by medullar region of the adrenal gland.

Answer 35

Epinephrine/ Norepinephrine

Question 36

Name one of the hormonal products of the thymus.

Answer 36

Thymulin/ Thymosins/ Thymopoietins

Question 37

Name one of the hormones produced by the female gonads.

Answer 37

Progesterone/ Estrogens

Question 38

Name one of the hormones that acts in conjunction with the sympathetic nervous system to elicit the fight-or-flight response to stressors.

Answer 38

Epinephrine/ Norepinephrine

Question 39

Name one of the human gonads.

Answer 39

Ovaries/ Testes

Question 40

Name the disease produced by hyposecretion of insulin.

Answer 40

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 41

Name the female sex hormones

Answer 41

Estrogens

Question 42

Name the gland and region of the gland that produces the corticosteroids.

Answer 42

Adrenal Cortex

Question 43

Name the gland that lies superior to the kidneys.

Answer 43

Adrenal/ Suprarenal Glands

Question 44

Name the male sex hormones.

Answer 44

Androgens

Question 45

Name the second major control system of the body (with the nervous system) that coordinates and integrates the activity of the body's cells.

Answer 45

The Endocrine System

Question 46

Organs that respond to a particular hormone are referred to as what?

Answer 46

Target Organs

Question 47

What organ produces neurosecretions, releasing and inhibiting hormones that control the pituitary?

Answer 47

The Hypothalamus

Question 48

Prolonged muscle spasm that can result in respiratory paralysis and death due to hyposecretion of PTH is called?

Answer 48

Tetany

Question 49

What organ is both an endocrine and an exocrine gland?

Answer 49

The Pancreas

Question 50

The active D3 form of vitamin D is called?

Answer 50

Calcitriol