Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Endocrine Patho > Endocrine patho > Flashcards

Endocrine patho Flashcards

1
Q

Hypothalamic Disorders-

Interruption of Infundibulum includes:

A

Destructive lesions
Rupture after head injury
Surgical transaction
Stem tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anterior Pituitary Disorder-

Pan-hypo-pituitar-ism

A

Only occurs with both anterior and posterior pituitaries are affected

ACTH, TSH, LH, FSH, GH, PRL, ADH deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Anterior Pituitary Disorder-

Hypo-pituitar-ism

A

Usually due to pituitary infraction (necrosis) on infundibulum

Includes: Sheehan Syndrome, Hemorrhage, Shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Anterior Pituitary Disorder -

Hypo secretion of GH

A

Dwarfism - in children and adolescents -Decrease in GH, Open plates

Metabolic Disease - adulthood - Decrease in GH, closed plates, Hypothyroid, weight gain, cold, slow metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anterior Pituitary Disorder-

Hyper-pituitar-ism

A

Commonly caused by a benign slow growing pituitary adenoma (benign tumor)

Manifestation: headache, fatigue, visual changes (pinched optic chiasm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anterior Pituitary Disorder-

Hyper secretion of GH

A

Giagantism- in children and adolescents - Increase in GH, open plates

Acromegaly- adulthood - Increase in GH, closed plates, ischemia to vessels, damage to nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Posterior Pituitary Disorder-

Hyper-secretion of ADH

A

ADH = reabsorption of Na
Inc. ADH = inc reabsorption of Na, dec water

caused by: Brain injury or infection, Pulmonary disease, psychiatric drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Posterior Pituitary Disorder-

Water intoxication

A

Decrease in Na = hypo-osmolality

Decrease in urination , Increase BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Posterior Pituitary Disorder-

Diabetes Inspidus

A

Insufficiency of ADH: polyuria, polydipsia, diluted urine

Neurogenic: insufficient amounts of ADH - post pit path
Nephrogenic: inadequate response to ADH- kidney patho
Psychogenic: excessive consumption of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Thyroid Disorder-

Hyperthyroidism

A 
3 causes:
Graves disease (most common) - autoimmune, B cells produce antibodies that fit TSH receptors - overproduction of TSH

Thyro-toxi-cosis (negative feedback does not work on hypothalamus)

Toxic nodular disease (benign)

Symptoms:
Goiter, Exophthalmos, Thyrotoxic crisis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Thyroid Disorder-

Hypo-thyroidism

A

inc. TRH and TSH
dec. TH

Autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto Disease) : most common
Thyroiditis
Postpartum thyroiditis (hypo and hyper)
Thyroid carcinoma:

Symptoms:
Fatigue, weight gain, hair loss, Myxedema, Myxedema coma (in brain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Endocrine Pancreas Disorder

Diabetes Mellitus

A

Type I : insulin dependent
Pancreatic atrophy and specific loss of Beta cells, premature activation of zymogens

Type II: non-insulin dependent
prolonged hyperglycemia leads to increased resistance of insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Endocrine Pancreas Disorder

Diabetes Mellitus - Type I

A

Genetic susceptibility
Viral infection
Immune destruction of Beta cells

Hyperglycemia polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, weight loss, fatigue, keoacidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Endocrine Pancreas Disorder

Diabetes Mellitus - Type II

A

Most common

Risk factors: obesity, family history, ethnicity, puberty, female and metabolic syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Endocrine Pancreas Disorder

Acute Conditions of Diabetes Mellitus

A

Hypoglycemia : 90% of Type I, insulin shock/reaction

Diabetic ketoacidosis: drop in insulin, inc in counter regulatory hormones - due to breakdown of fats and proteins - peaks adolescence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Endocrine Pancreas Disorder

Microvascular disease

A

From Diabetes Mellitus Type II

Retinopathy - blindness
Nephropathy - kidney failure
Neuropathy - loss of feeling - demyelination

17
Q

Endocrine Pancreas Disorder

Macrovascular disease

A

coronary artery disease
stroke
peripheral artery disease

18
Q

Adrenal Cortex Disorder

Cushing Disease

A 
Takes effect in Fasciculata 
excessive anterior pituitary secretion of ACTH
leads to increased cortisol levels
Dec. CRH 
Inc. ACTH, Cortisol
19
Q

Adrenal Cortex Disorder

Cushing Syndrome

A

excessive levels of Cortisol regardless of cause
Dec. CRH and ACTH
Inc. Cortisol

20
Q

Adrenal Cortex Disorder

Addison Disease

A

Take effect in Granulosa
Hypo secretion of adrenocortical hormones (ACTH)

Dec. cortisol and aldosterone

Symptoms: fatigue, orthostatic hypotension, syncope, hypoglycemia, Dec. Na, Inc. K and Ca

21
Q

Adrenal Cortex Disorder

Hyper aldosteron ism

Conn Disease

A

Hypertension, myalgias, weakness, chronic headaches
Inc. Na
Dec. K

22
Q

Adrenal Cortex Disorder

Hyper secretion of adrenal androgens and estrogens

A

Takes effect in Reticularis
Male symptom = feminization
Female symptom = virilzation

23
Q

Adrenal Medulla Disorder

A

Catecholamine hyper secretion of NE and Epi

Secretion on a continuous or episodic basis of NE and Epi
Inc. BP and Epi production

Pathologies: Chromaffin cell tumor and Pheochromocytoma

Symptoms: hypertension, headaches, sweating, tachycardia, tachypnea, anxiety, chest pain

Endocrine Patho (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions