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Biology!! > Endocrine - Hormones > Flashcards

Endocrine - Hormones Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

4 Endocrine Glands:

A
  1. Adrenal
  2. Pancreas
  3. Thyroid
  4. Pituitary
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2
Q

Parts:

1. Adrenal:

A
  1. Adrenal Cortex

2. Adrenal Medulla

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3
Q

Parts:

2. Pancreas:

A
  1. Beta cells
  2. Alpha cells
  3. Delta Cells
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4
Q

2 hormones of Thyroid:

A
  1. Thyroxine

2. Calcitonin

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5
Q

Parts under Pituituary

:

A
  1. Anterior Pituitary

2. Posterior Pituitary

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6
Q

Hormones under Adrenal Cortex:

A
  1. Mineralocortico steriods
  2. Glucocorticoids
  3. Sex Corticoids
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7
Q

Mineralocorticosteriods:

A

Adolsterone

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8
Q

Glucocorticoids:

A
  1. Cortisol

2. Corticosterone

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9
Q

Sex Corticoids:

A

Adrenal Androgens

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10
Q
  1. Adrenal Medulla:
A

Adrenaline

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11
Q

Function of Mineralocorticosteroids:

A

Regulates plasma sodium and potassium concentrations

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12
Q

Function of Glucocorticoids:

A

Regulate carbohydrates, lipid and protein metabolism

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13
Q

Function of Sex Corticoids:

A

Stimulate development of external sex characters in males

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14
Q

Function of Adrenaline:

A

Causes stimulation of sympathetic nervous system. Prepares body for any emergency.

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15
Q

Endocrine part of Pancreas:

A

Islets of Langerhans

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16
Q

Beta cells:

A

Insulin

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17
Q

Function of Insulin:

A

Lowes blood sugar level

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18
Q
  1. Alpha cells:
A

Glucagon

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19
Q

Function of Glucagon:

A

Raises blood sugar level

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20
Q
  1. Delta cells:
A

Somatostatin

21
Q

Function of Somatostatin:

A

Inhibits the secretion of Insulin and Glucagon

22
Q

Function of Thyroxine:

A

Promotes tissue metabolism
Growth
Differentiation

Regulates basal metabolism

23
Q

Function of Calcitonin:

A

Promotes movement of calcium ions from blood to bones

24
Q

Hormones of Anterior Pituitary:

A

Growth Hormone

Tropic Hormones

25
Q

Tropic Hormones:

A

TSH
ACTH
Gonadotropic Hormone

26
Q

Function of TSH:

A

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

Stimulates Thyroid to secrete thyroxine

27
Q

Function of ACTH:

A

Adreno-Corticotropic Hormone

Stimulates Secretion from adrenal cortex

28
Q

Function of Gonadotropic Hormones:

A

Regulates the activities of Gonads -> Testes and Ovaries

29
Q

3 Gonadotropic Hormones:

A
  1. FSH
  2. LH
  3. Prolactin
30
Q

Function of FSH:

A

Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Stimulates egg formation in females
Simulates Sperm formation in males

31
Q

Function of LH:

Females

A

Luteinizing Hormone:

Stimulates the formation of corpus Luteum to produce female hormone –> Progesterone

Ovulation

32
Q

Function of LH: (Males)

A

Stimulates testes to produce the male hormone testosterone

33
Q

Function of Prolactin:

A

Promotes lactation (Milk secretion and formation)

34
Q

Hormones of Posterior Pituitary:

A
  1. Vasopressin (ADH)

2. Oxytocin

35
Q

Vasopressin:

A

Increases reabsorption of water from kidney tubules

Contraction of Blood Vessels -> Rise in blood pressure

36
Q

ADH

Full form

A

Anti-Diuretic Hormone

37
Q

Oxytocin:

A

Uterine Contractions during Child Birth

Stimulates Milk Ejection

38
Q

Under secretion:

Adrenal Cortex:

A

Addison’s Disease

39
Q

Under secretion:

Insulin:

A

Diabates Mellitus

40
Q

Under secretion:

Thryoxine:

A
  1. Simple Goitre
  2. Cretinism in Children
  3. Myxoedema in Adults
41
Q

Under secretion:

Growth Hormone:

A

Dwarfism

42
Q

Under secretion:

ADH:

A

Diabetes Insipidus

43
Q

Over Secretion:

Adrenal Cortex:

A

Adrenal Virilism

Cushing’s Syndrome

44
Q

Over Secretion:

Thyrocine:

A

Exophthalmic Hoitre:

  1. Eye balls Protrude
  2. Increased Metabolism
  3. Restlessness
45
Q

Over Secretion:

Growth Hormone:

A

Gigantism in Childhood

Acromegaly in adulthood

46
Q

Over Secretion:

ADG:

A

Elevation of Blood Pressure

47
Q

Symptoms of Cushing’s Syndrome:

A
  1. Obesity
  2. Hyperglycemia
  3. Salt and water retention
    4/ Weakness
48
Q

Symptoms of Addison’s Disease:

A
  1. Loss of weight
  2. Hypoglycemia
  3. Loss of energy
  4. Infections
  5. Sensitive to cols and pain

Biology!! (1 decks)

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