Endocrine Glands and Hormones Flashcards
pineal’s hormone
melatonin
regulates sleep-wake cycle or seasonal rhythms + light condition
melatonin
located at the lower central of the brain
hypothalamus
hypothalamus’s hormone
oxytocin and vasopressin
where do oxytocin and vasopressin transport
posterior pituitary
releasing and inhibiting hormones that affect th fuctiona of the anterior pituitary gland
hypothalamus
located beneath the hypothalamus
pituitary gland
known as the master gland
pituitary gland
where do pituitary’s hormones go
anterior lobe
middle lobe
posterior lobe
anterior lobe’s hormones
somatotropin thyroid-stimulating hormone adrenocorticotropic hormone follicle-stimulating hormone luteinizing hormone prolactin
a growth hormone that regulates metabolic functions
somatotropin
regulates activity of the thyroid gland
thyroid-stimulating hormone
stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete its own hormone
adrenocorticotropic hormone
stimulates gamete formation: egg cells in the ovary and sperm cells in the testes
follicle-stimulating hormone
stimulates ovaries and testes to produce sex hormones
luteinizing hormone
stimulates mammary glands to produce milk
prolactin
middle lobe’s hormone
melanocyte
stimulating hormone that enhances production of melanin pigment
melanocyte
posterior lobe’s hormones
oxytocin
vasopressin
releases hormones secreted by hypothalamus
posterior lobe
regulates uterine contraction during childbirth
oxytocin
anti diuretic hormone
vasopressin
prevents water loss from the body
vasopressin
base of the neck, wrapped around the lateral side of the trachea
thyroid
thyroid’s hormones
thyroxin and triiodothyronine
calcitonin
work together to regulate the thyroid body’s mental and physical growth
thyroxin and triiodothyronine
decreases blood calcium level
calcitonin
on top of the kidneys
adrenal glands
outer part of the adrenal glands
adrenal cortex
adrenal cortex’s hormones
glucocorticoids
mineralcorticoids
androgens (testosterone)
their functions include breakdown of protein and increase of blood sugar
glucocorticoids
hep regulate concentration of minerals such as sodium, calcium, and water balance in the blood
mineral corticosteroids
influence the development of male secondary sex characteristics
androgens
Omer part of the adrenal gland
adrenal medulla
adrenal medulla’s hormones
adrenaline/epinephrine
noradrenaline/norepinephrine
both help to trigger physiological changes to improve the “fight-or-flight” response to stress or emergencies
adrenaline/epinephrine
noradrenaline/norepinephrine
isles of langehans
pancreas
pancreas’s hormones
insulin
glucagon
secreted by beta cells
insulin
lowers blood sugar level
insulin
produced by alpha cells
glucagon
raises blood sugar level
glucagon
in the scrotum
tested
testes’s hormone
androgen testosterone
controls growth and development of male sex organ and secondary sex characteristics
androgen testosterone
in the pelvis above the uterus
ovaries
ovarie’s hormones
progesterone
estrogen
stimulate growth of uterine lining
progesterone and estrogen
also controls decvelopment of female secondary sex characteristics
estrogen
located at the middle part of the brain
pineal body
4 structures wrapped around the thyroid
parathyroid
parathyroid’ hormone
parathormone
