Endocrine Drugs Flashcards
Levothyroxine
used to treat hypothyroidism in dogs; goal- to replace the hormone that is not being produced; requires less frequent dosing; has a lower risk of causing thyrotoxicosis
Methimazole
aka. Carbimazole; consistently efficacious; limited side effects which are manageable
Calcium gluconate
a parenteral drug which helps treat acute hypocalcemia
Calcium chloride
a caustic drug which helps treat acute hypocalcemia, should NEVER be used SC/IM
calcium carbonate
a drug which helps treat acute hypocalcemia and is incompatible with some fluids and drugs
calcitriol
the active form of VIt. D used to treat hypocalcemia from hypoparathyroid hormone; most potent, activated form and most rapid; increases absorption of calcium, and lowers loss through the kidney; side effect can be hypercalcemia
Dextrose
often used in a 50% solution to treat hypoglycemia; generally not given SC, but can be given in an IV bolus in emergencies; ongoing treatments should have no more than a 5% concentration
Glucagon
a hormone that opposes the work of insulin; not commonly used, but can be used in an IV injection
Glipizide
a clinical vet med sulfonylurea oral med for diabetes; MOA: stimulates insulin secretion by the pancreas beta-cells, increasing tissue sensitivity to insulin; recognized in cates, NOT used in dogs; can cause significant hypoglycemia
3 types of insulin
Regular/neutral, intermediate, long-acting
Drugs of intermediate insulin
NPH, Lente, Vetsulin
which insulin drug group is more predictable, can be used IM, IV, SC, and is used commonly in hospital patients who aren’t eating
regular/ neutral
which insulin drug group may not provide adequate control in cats, but is a good starting type for dogs?
Intermediate
Which of the long-acting insulin drugs has a gradual absorption?
Glargine
Which of the long-acting insulin drugs has a shorter duration than the rest?
PZI
