Endocrine disorders Flashcards
What complication is commonly associated with poor glycemic control before and during early pregnancy?
Congenital anomalies in the fetus
Poor glycemic control can lead to various congenital defects in the developing fetus.
Which statement by the client reassures the nurse that teaching about dietary management has been effective?
Diet and insulin needs change during pregnancy.
What is the expected outcome for a pregnant woman diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
Prevent injury to the fetus as a result of GDM.
What condition is the fetus at greatest risk for if the mother has gestational diabetes mellitus?
Macrosomia
What nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for a 26-year-old primigravida with a hyperthyroid condition and weight loss?
Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
Why does maternal phenylketonuria (PKU) require closer monitoring during pregnancy?
The fetus may develop neurologic problems.
What is the initial treatment for a woman hospitalized for hyperemesis gravidarum?
Intravenous (IV) therapy to correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
Which type of diabetes often goes undiagnosed?
Type 2 diabetes
What physiologic adaptation of pregnancy influences the nurse’s plan of care regarding glucose metabolism?
Pregnancy exerts a diabetogenic effect that ensures an abundant supply of glucose for the fetus.
What complication can diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) lead to during pregnancy?
Fetal death at any time during pregnancy.
What does the laboratory test for glycosylated hemoglobin A1c measure?
Levels of hemoglobin A1c, which should remain at less than 7%.
Which thyroid disorder is contraindicated for breastfeeding?
PKU
What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for an 18-year-old client with pregestational diabetes concerned about her social life?
Risk for injury, to the mother related to hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia.
What reading signals that a client with gestational diabetes may require an adjustment of insulin or carbohydrates?
50 mg/dl just after waking up from a nap.
What major neonatal complication is monitored after the birth of the infant of a diabetic mother?
Hypoglycemia
What preexisting factor is known to increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
Previous birth of large infant
Which physiologic alteration of pregnancy most significantly affects glucose metabolism?
Placental hormones are antagonistic to insulin, thus resulting in insulin resistance.
How should a pregnant woman with diabetes alter her diet to manage her condition appropriately?
Eat her meals and snacks on a fixed schedule.
What are the signs and symptoms of a thyroid storm? (Select all that apply)
- Fever
- Restlessness
What are characteristic symptoms of hypothyroidism? (Select all that apply)
- Lethargy
- Decrease in exercise capacity
- Cold intolerance
What complications are associated with diabetes over time? (Select all that apply)
- Atherosclerosis
- Retinopathy
- Nephropathy
- Neuropathy
The target blood glucose levels 1 hour after a meal should be _____________.
110 to 129 mg/dl
What is the first step in teaching a client to self-administer insulin?
Wash hands
What should be checked next after washing hands in the insulin administration process?
Check insulin bottles for expiration date
