ENDOCRINE - DIABETES INSIPIDUS

Question 1

What is diabetes insipidus?

Answer 1

• Not enough ADH is being produced (cranial diabetes insipidus)
• OR kidneys don’t respond to ADH (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus)

Question 2

What is normally used to treat cranial diabetes insipidus?

Answer 2

vasopressin or desmopressin - both antidiuretic hormones

Question 3

What is normally used to treat nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

Answer 3

Thiazide diuretics

Question 4

Desmopressin:

Answer 4

• more potent analogue of vasopressin

- side effects: hyponatraemic convulsions, water intoxication (water dilutes blood too much)

Question 5

What are the symptoms of diabetes insipidus?

Answer 5

• polyuria - more peeing

- polydipsia - more thirst

Question 6

What is SIADH?

Answer 6

hyponatraemia caused by inappropriate ADH secretion

Question 7

How do you usually treat SIADH?

Answer 7

• fluid restriction

- if this doesn’t correct hyponatraemia then use demelocycline or tolvaptan