Endocrine/diabetes Flashcards
Insulin secretion is an example of
Negative feedback (like a thermostat)
What does endocrine glands do
Produce and secrete hormones that travel to affect their specific target issues
Where is insulin secreted?
Pancreas
Positive feedback
Rising hormone levels cause another gland to release a hormone that then stimulates more releasing of the first hormone
Negative feedback
If something gets too high or too low it stimulates the release if a hormone to bring it back down or to make it rise
What inhibits insulin secretion
Low blood glucose levels
What is insulin responsible for after a meal?
The storage of nutrients
What cell produces insulin
Beta
An IGT diagnosis is made when what values have been measured
140-199 mg/dl
Someone with prediabetes will most likely not have any symptoms. What parts of their bodies will have long lasting affects though?
Heart and blood vessels
You are determined diabetic if your Hgb A1C is higher than
6.5%
You ate diagnosed with diabetes if your fasting glucose is higher than
126 mg/dl
100-125 is prediabetic
You have a patient with a very high blood glucose level and is unresponsive. What symptom would lead you to think it was DKA rather than HHNS
Rapid, deep breathings
Kussmaul
What should you always remember when treating HHNS
FLUIDS
Metformin (glucophage)
Glucose-lowering agent
Reduces glucose production by the liver
It is used as a first-therapy option for type 2 pts
Sulfonylureas
Increase insulin production from pancreas
2nd-line therapy option if metformin doesn’t work
Meglitinides
Increase insulin production from pancreas
More rapidly absorbed and eliminated (reduced risk for hypoglycemia)
Take before meals
A-Glucosidase inhibitors
Aka “starch blockers”
Slows down absorption of carbs in small intestine
Metabolic acidosis
Too much acid in blood stream
Ketoacidosis
Too much break down of fats
Thiazolidinediones
For ppl with insulin resistance
Rarely used due to severe adverse affects
Research process
Identify problem Design study Conduct study Analyze data Use findings
If a person comes into the hospital with severe issues and no insurance, what law covers them?
Emergency medical treatment and active labor act
Mental health parity act
Same standard of care for everyone
People are vacationing to the beach when their child gets bite by a shark. What law allows them to still have insurance even though they do not live in that state?
Health insurance portability and accountability act
What does uniform anatomical gift act deal with?
Organ donating
A nurse is to busy to help a Patient ambulate to the bathroom, and the patient falls trying to do it herself. This is an example of
Negligence. She owed a duty to the patient to help her ambulate and she was not able to fulfill her duty
What is the difference between malice and libel?
Malice is publishing false information
Libel is talking bad about someone and defying their character in writing
Civil wrong made against person/property
Torts
Willful rights that violate another’s rights
Intentional torts
Failure to follow the 6 rights of med administration is an example of
Negligence
Anything that says failure to is usually an example of
Common negligent acts
Malpractice insurance is
A contract between the nurse and the insurance company
Helps defend nurses in a lawsuit involving negligence or malpractice
If a patient has MRSA or C diff. What type of isolation are they in?
Contact
Just have private room and nurses must always wear gloves, gown, and mask while being in room
A patient with the flu, pneumonia, pertussis, or mumps is in a private room due to what type if isolation?
Droplet
Nurse must wear mask, gown, and gloves if she is within 3 feet of the patient
Tb, measles, and chicken pox require an airborne isolation. What type of pressure for the room is required?
Negative
Air can come in the room, but can’t leave
Gloves, mask, and gown are required
A cancer patient should be in a _____ pressure room with _____ isolation
Positive (air can leave room but can't come in) Protective isolation (we are protecting the patients from our germs)
Nursing process is
The diagnosis and treatment of human response
Problem ____ etiology _______ signs and symptoms
Related to
As evidenced by
