Endocrine Definitions Flashcards
Endocrine
The system containing glands that secrete substances directly into the blood stream.
Metabolic acidosis
The insufficient removal of acid from the body by the kidneys.
Exocrine system
The body system that contains glands that secrete substances into a target organ, eg. Sweat glands to the skin
Glucagon
A HORMONE that stimulates the release of stored glucose from the liver
Gluconeogenesis
The process in which glycogen is formed from non-carbohydrate sources in the liver
Glycogen
The stored form of glucose
Glycogenesis
The process in which glucose is converted to glycogen for storage
Glycogeolysis
The process in which glycogen in the liver is broken back down to glucose for use by the cells for energy
Glycosuria
A name for the high presents of glucose in the urine
Homeostasis
The bodies way of maintaining balance within all systems
Hyperglycemia
A term for a high concentration of glucose within the blood, usually seen in diabetes Miellitis
Hyperinsulinaemia
A higher than normal concentration of insulin within the blood
Hypoglycaemia
A state of low levels within the blood
Insulin
The hormone that is released/produced by the Beta cells of the pancreas
Assists in the absorption of glucose into cells
Ketoacidosis
High level of ketone production in the blood system
Ketone
A by-product of fatty acid breakdown for cellular energy
Ketonuria
Excess ketones present in the urine
Ketosis
The process in which fatty acids are broken down for energy
Lipogenesis
The conversion of simple sugars, eg. Glucose, into fatty acids
Lipolysis
The breakdown of lipids in the process of gluconeogenisis
Neuropathy
The damage done to nerves due to uncontrolled Diabetes
Normoglyceamia
Indicating the normal blood sugar/glucose levels.
Polydipsia
An excessive thirst
Polyphagia
Excessive hunger or increased appetite
Polydipsia and Polyphagia are used to indicate a diabetic diagnosis
Polyuria
An increased urine production, abnormally large amounts
Indicated by over 2.5-3L/ 24hr period
Proteolysis
The process in which proteins are broken down into peptides or amino acids.
