Endocrine Flashcards
What kinds of neurons are responsible for anterior pituitary?
Parvicellular neurons
What kinds of neurons are responsible for posterior pituitary?
Magnocellular neurons
TRH is synthesized from what nucleus of the hypothalamus?
From the PARAVENTRICULAR nucleus. Along with CRH
What hypothalamic nuclei synthesizes Prolactin and GH?
ARCUATE nucleus
What hypothalamic nuclei synthesizes GnRH?
Supraoptic nuclei
What is the effect of increased TSH on Prolactin?
Increased TSH decreases Prolactin since it decreases TRH which stimulates Prolactin
What is the effect of increased TRH on Prolactin?
Increased TRH increases Prolactin secretion… while dopamine inhibits it
Where are steroid hormone receptors located?
In the cytosol or on the nuclear membrane… thyroid hormones follow this concept. Peptide hormones, on the other hand, have their receptors on the cell membrane
What is the blood supply to the pituitary gland?
Superior and inferior hypophyseal arteries from the ICA (internal carotid artery) in the cavernous sinus
Venous drainage by hypophyseal veins in the cavernous sinus
Where is the hypophyseal diverticulum from?
From the floor of the mouth… stomodeum.. it’s an upgrowth
Where is the infundibulum of the pituitary from?
Down growth from the diencephalon.. from the floor of the forebrain
What germ layer does the thyroid develop from?
Endoderm. It’s a proliferation of the floor of the pharynx @ foramen cecum
Embryological derivative of the parathyroid gland?
From the 3rd (inferior) and 4th (superior) pharyngeal POUCH. Endoderm derivative with neural crest interaction
3rd= thymus, inferior parathyroid 4th= sup parathyroid, parafollicular C cells
Embryological derivative of the adrenal gland?
Cortex= mesoderm Medulla= neural crest
Adrenal gland vasculature?
From you see this you should think THREE (3) diff branches
- Superior adrenal from inferior phrenic A
- middle from abdominal aorta
- inferior from Renal Artery