Endocrine Flashcards
What are the two triangles in the neck?
Anterior and posterior
What makes up the borders of the anterior triangle of the neck?
Midline, SCM and mandible
What makes up the borders of the posterior triangle of the neck?
SCM, clavicle and trapezius
What runs through the posterior triangle of the neck?
External Jugular Vein
How many arteries supply the thyroid?
4 or 5
What are the arteries that supply the thyroid?
Superior thyroid x2
Inferior thyroid x2
Thyroid Ima (not in all)
Where does the thyroid ima artery arise from?
Brachiocephalic
Where do the inferior thyroid arteries arise from?
Subclavian arteries
Where do the superior thyroid arteries arise from?
External carotids
How many vessels drain the thyroid?
6
Which six vessels drain the thyroid?
Inferior thyroid vein x2
Middle thyroid vein x2
Superior thyroid vein x2
Where do the inferior thyroid veins arise from?
Brachiocephalic vein
Where do the middle and superior thyroid veins arise from?
Internal jugular vein
What fascia is the thyroid contained in?
Pretracheal fascia
What can be found in the pretracheal fascia?
Oesophagus, trachea, straps, recurrent laryngeal (from CNX) and thyroid
What can be found in the carotid sheaths?
CNX, deep cervical lymph nodes (drain thyroid), carotid (common and internal) and internal jugular.
What are the layers of the adrenal gland?
Capsule
Cortex
Medulla
What are the three zones of the adrenal cortex?
Zona Glomerulosa
Zona Fasciculata
Zona Reticularis
Remember the zones of adrenal cortex from outside in
GFR
What does the ZG of adrenal cortex produce?
Mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone)
What does the ZF of adrenal cortex produce?
Glucocorticoids (Cortisol)
What does the ZR of adrenal cortex produce?
Adrenal androgens
What is produced in the adrenal medulla?
Catecholamines
What cell type is found in the adrenal medulla?
Chromaffin cells
What do chromaffin cells produce?
Catecholamines
