Endocrine

Question 1

FSH

Answer 1

Follicle stimulating hormone

Question 2

GH

Answer 2

Growth Hormone

Question 3

LH

Answer 3

Lutenizing Hormone

Question 4

Hyposecretion of the thyroid in infants - what disease process

Answer 4

Cretinism

Question 5

Hypo secretion of the adrenal cortex - what disease process

Answer 5

Cushing’s disease

Question 6

Hypo secretion of the thyroid in adults - what disease process

Answer 6

Myxedema

Question 7

Hyper secretion of the growth hormone - what disease process

Answer 7

Acromegaly

Question 8

Hypo secretion of the adrenal cortex - what disease process

Answer 8

Addison’s disease

Question 9

What disease process or syndrome does hypo secretion of the pancreas cause

Answer 9

Diabetes mellitus

Question 10

What disease or syndrome does hypo secretion of the growth hormone cause

Answer 10

Acromegaly

Question 11

An autoimmune problem involving the thyroid gland

Answer 11

Graves’ disease

Question 12

What area of the body does the Thyrotropin-releasing hormone target

Answer 12

Thyroid gland

Question 13

What area of the body does the corticosteroid-releasing hormone target

Answer 13

Adrenal cortex

Question 14

What area of the body does the Prolactin-releasing hormone target

Answer 14

Mammary glands

Question 15

What area of the body does the Gonadotropin-releasing hormone target

Answer 15

Testes/ovaries

Question 16

What area of the body does the Growth hormone releasing hormone target

Answer 16

Bone and skeletal muscle

Question 17

Produces hormones and is considered a neuron doctrine hormone

Answer 17

Hypothalamus

Question 18

Produces steroid hormones and gluticosteroids and mineralocorticosteroids

Answer 18

Adrenal cortex

Question 19

Produces hormones that direct the production of the secondary sex characteristics in females

Answer 19

Ovaries

Question 20

Storehouse for the hormones produced by the hypothalamus

Answer 20

Pituitary gland

Question 21

Produces the hormones that promote the development of the male secondary sex characteristics

Answer 21

Testes

Question 22

T or F. All adenohypophyseal hormones except GH affect their target cells via a cyclic AMP second messenger

Answer 22

True

Question 23

T or F. All peptide hormone synthesis requires gene activation that produces mRNA

Answer 23

True

Question 24

T or F. Direct gene activation involves a second messenger

Answer 24

False

Question 25

T or F. Iodine is an essential element required for the synthesis of thyroxine

Answer 25

True

Question 26

T or F. All of the following are secreted by the adrenohypophysis. FSH , LH, ACTH

Answer 26

True

Question 27

T or F. Many hormones synthesized in the gastrointestinal tract are chemically identical to neurotransmitters

Answer 27

True

Question 28

T or F. The thyroid gland is a large gland that controls metabolic functions throughout the life of an adult.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

T or F. Although glucagon is a small polypeptide, it is nevertheless very potent in its regulatory effects

Answer 29

True

Question 30

T or F. Atrial natriuretic peptide is a hormone that controls BP in part by increasing excretion of sodium.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

T or F. Aldosterone is the most potent mineralocorticosteroids produced in the adrenals but the least abundant

Answer 31

False

Question 32

T or F. The beta cells are the pancreatic islet cells that produce insulin.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

T or F. The prime metabolic effect of cortisol is gluconeogenisis.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

T or F. Follicle cells of the thyroid gland produce thyroglobulin while follicles of the parathyroid produce calcitonin.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

T or F. Oxytocin is a strong stimulant of uterine contractions

Answer 35

True

Question 36

T or F. With age, chronic stress increases bl levels of cortisol and appears to contribute to memory degradation

Answer 36

True

Question 37

T or F. Gonadotropin is also referred to as leutinizing hormone

Answer 37

True

Question 38

T or F. ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to release corticosteroid hormones.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

T or F. Both "turn on" factors (humoral, neural, hormonal) and turn off factors (feedback inhibition and others) may be modulated by the activity of the nervous system.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

T or F. Addison's disease is due to a deficit output of glucorticosteroids only.

Answer 40

False

Question 41

T or F. The hormone that rises BGL in humans is insulin.

Answer 41

False

Question 42

T or F. The antagonist hormones that regulate the bl Ca sleeves are calcitonin-parahormone

Answer 42

True

Question 43

T or F. In humans, melatonin may inhibit sexual maturation

Answer 43

True

Question 44

How many layers does the adrenal cortex have?

Answer 44

3

Question 45

What does the adrenal cortex secrete

Answer 45

Corticosteroids

Question 46

What is the adrenal medulla made of?

Answer 46

Nervous tissue

Question 47

What is the function of PTH (parathyroid hormone)

Answer 47

Stimulates osteocyte activity for the release of Ca+2 from bone matrix Enhances reabsorption of Ca+2 and phosphate release from kidneys Promotes activation of vit d

Question 48

What gland plays the most important role in Ca+2 homeostasis

Answer 48

PTH

Question 49

How is calcitonin regulated?

Answer 49

By a humoral negative feedback mechanism

Question 50

Calcitonin inhibits what activity

Answer 50

Osteoclasts activity

Question 51

Calcitonin acts as an antagonist to what hormone

Answer 51

PTH

Question 52

What functions does TH (thyroid hormone) play a role in?

Answer 52

Metabolic rate, BP maintenance, regulation of tissue growth, development of skeletal tissue, reproductive capabilities

Question 53

What is the Thyoid Hormone comprised of?

Answer 53

T3 - thyroxine T4-triiodothyronine

Question 54

What is the precursor of the thyroid hormone (TH)?

Answer 54

Colloid (thyroglobulin + iodine)

Question 55

What structure and its substructure produce calcitonin ?

Answer 55

Thyroid and parafollicular cells

Question 56

What hormones do the thyroid follicles produce?

Answer 56

Thyroglobulin

Question 57

What does SIADH stand for?

Answer 57

Syndrome of Inappropriate Anitdiuretic Hormone

Question 58

What are the causes of ADH hypersecretion

Answer 58

Trauma, secretion from cancer cells

Question 59

What causes diabetes insipidus?

Answer 59

ADH hypo secretion

Question 60

What does oxytocin do?

Answer 60

Stimulates uterine contractions, release of milk from mammary glands, as well as sexual arousal and orgasm in men and women

Question 61

What signals the release of ADH and oxytocin

Answer 61

Nerve impulses

Question 62

Posterior pituitary stores which hormones

Answer 62

Oxytocin and ADH