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Drugs Endocrine > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Lispro

A

Short acting insulin

Binds insulin recpetor –> tyrosine kinase–> liver: increased glycogen stores muscle: increased glycogen stores, protein synthesis, K UPTAKE, Fat: increased TG storage

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2
Q

aspart

A

Short acting insulin

Binds insulin recpetor –> tyrosine kinase–> liver: increased glycogen stores muscle: increased glycogen stores, protein synthesis, K UPTAKE, Fat: increased TG storage

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3
Q

glulisine

A

short acting insulin

Binds insulin recpetor –> tyrosine kinase–> liver: increased glycogen stores muscle: increased glycogen stores, protein synthesis, K UPTAKE, Fat: increased TG storage

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4
Q

detemir

A

long acting insulin

Binds insulin recpetor –> tyrosine kinase–> liver: increased glycogen stores muscle: increased glycogen stores, protein synthesis, K UPTAKE, Fat: increased TG storage

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5
Q

glargine

A

long acting insulin

Binds insulin recpetor –> tyrosine kinase–> liver: increased glycogen stores muscle: increased glycogen stores, protein synthesis, K UPTAKE, Fat: increased TG storage

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6
Q

Metformin

A

Type 2 DM

Inhibit hepatic gluconeogensis, increase glycolysis, increase peripheral glucose uptake

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7
Q

Chlorpropamide

A

Type 2 DM

Close K channel beta islet cell, trigger insulin release

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8
Q

Tolbutamide

A

Type 2 DM

Close K channel beta islet cell, trigger insulin release

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9
Q

Glimepiride

A

Type 2 DM

Close K channel beta islet cell, trigger insulin release

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10
Q

Glipizide

A

Type 2 DM

Close K channel beta islet cell, trigger insulin release

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11
Q

Glyburide

A

Type 2 DM

Close K channel beta islet cell, trigger insulin release

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12
Q

Pioglitazone

A

Type 2 DM

Binds PPAR-gamma–> increase insulin sensitivity

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13
Q

Rosiglitazone

A

Type 2 DM

Binds PPAR-gamma–> increase insulin sensitivity

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14
Q

Nateglinide

A

Type 2 DM

Postprandial insulin release by binding K channels on beta cells (binding site differ from sulfonylureas)

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15
Q

Repaglinide

A

Type 2 DM

Postprandial insulin release by binding K channels on beta cells (binding site differ from sulfonylureas)

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16
Q

Exenatide

A

Type 2 DM

GLP-1 analog. Increase glucose dependent insulin release, decrease glucagon release, decrease gastric emptying, increase satiety

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17
Q

Liraglutide

A

Type 2 DM

GLP-1 analog. Increase glucose dependent insulin release, decrease glucagon release, decrease gastric emptying, increase satiety

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18
Q

Linagliptin

A

Type 2 DM

DPP-4 inhibitor. DPP-4 inactivates GLP-1

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19
Q

Saxagliptin

A

Type 2 DM

DPP-4 inhibitor. DPP-4 inactivates GLP-1

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20
Q

sitagliptin

A

Type 2 DM

DPP-4 inhibitor. DPP-4 inactivates GLP-1

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21
Q

Pramlintide

A

Type 1 and 2 DM

Decrease gastric emptying, decrease glucagon

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22
Q

Canagliflozin

A

Type 2 DM

SGLT2 inhibitor. Block reabsorption of glucose in PCT

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23
Q

dapagliflozin

A

Type 2 DM

SGLT2 inhibitor. Block reabsorption of glucose in PCT

24
Q

empagliflozin

A

Type 2 DM

SGLT2 inhibitor. Block reabsorption of glucose in PCT

25
Acarbose
Type 2 DM Inhibit brush border alpha glucosidase. Decrase postprandial hyperglycemia
26
Miglitol
Type 2 DM Inhibit brush border alpha glucosidase. Decrase postprandial hyperglycemia
27
Propylthiouracil
Hyperthyroid, First trimester pregnancy Block TPO: Inhibit I oxidation, Block peripheral deiodinase
28
Methimazole
Hyperthyroid Block TPO: Inhibit I oxidation
29
Levothyroxine
Hypothyroid Synthetic T4
30
Triiodothyronine
Hypothyroid Synthetic T3
31
Conivaptan
SIADH V2 receptor blocker
32
Tolvaptan
SIADH V2 receptor blocker
33
Desmopressin acetate
Central DI, von willebrand disease, sleep enuresis Synthetic ADH specific for V2
34
GH
GH deficiency, turner syndrome, prader willi GH
35
Oxytocin
Stimulate labor, uterine contractions, milk let down, control uterine hemorrhage
36
Octreotide
Acromegaly, carcinoid syndrome, gastrinoma, glucagonoma, esophageal varices Somatostatin analogue
37
Demeclocycline
SIADH ADH antagonist
38
Fludrocortisone
Mineralocorticoid replacement in primary adrenal insufficiency synthetic aldosterone
39
Amiloride
Treat nephrogenic DI Block eNAC in collecting ducts
40
Thiazide
Treat nephrogenic DI Block Na/Cl symporter DCT
41
Pegvisomant
Acromegaly GH receptor antagonist
42
Mecasermin
Growth Failure IGF-1 deficiency Recombinant IGF-1
43
Bromocriptine
Hyperprolactinemia, acromegaly D2 agonists. Inhibit GH release (poorly).
44
Cabergoline
Hyperprolactinemia, acromegaly D2 agonists. Inhibit GH release (poorly).
45
Alendronate
1st line osteoperosis, hypercalcemia (hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemia of mal), paget dz Bind hydroxyappetite at areas high turn over-->Osteoclasts bind and get stuck, Block osteoclast precursor development, induce osteoclast apoptosis Acid reflux, esophagitis, esophageal ulcers, jaw osteonecrosis, hypocalcemia
46
Pamidronate
1st line osteoperosis, hypercalcemia (hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemia of mal), paget dz Bind hydroxyappetite at areas high turn over-->Osteoclasts bind and get stuck, Block osteoclast precursor development, induce osteoclast apoptosis Acid reflux, esophagitis, esophageal ulcers, jaw osteonecrosis, hypocalcemia
47
Zoledronate
1st line osteoperosis, hypercalcemia (hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemia of mal), paget dz Bind hydroxyappetite at areas high turn over--> Osteoclasts bind and get stuck, Block osteoclast precursor development, induce osteoclast apoptosis Acid reflux, esophagitis, esophageal ulcers, jaw osteonecrosis, hypocalcemia
48
Estrogen therapy
Post menopausal osteoperosis Bind Estrogen-R on osteoclasts--> Prevent precursor differentiation SE: Breast cancer, DVT, PE
49
Raloxifene
Post menopausal osteoperosis, Breast cancer SERM Estrogen agonist bone, antagonist breast, uterus. Prevent osteoclast precursor differentiation SE: DVT, PE
50
Denosumab
Osteoperosis Block RANKL, decrease osteoclast activity
51
Calcitonin
2 line (osteoperosis, paget dz), acute hypercalcemia Block osteoclasts, decrease Ca reabsorption Kidney, Lower serum Ca, phos Hypocalcemia
52
Teriparatide
osteoperosis Recomb PTH. Increase Ca reabsorption/phos excretion kidney, Increase Osteoblast activity, no osteoclast activity. Increase bone growth Transient hypercalcemia
53
Vitamin D
Vit D Deficiency, Rickets, Osteomalacia, Osteoperosis, psoriasis (topical), hypocalcemia GI/Kidney: Increase Ca/phos Bone: Increase RANKL and osteoblast maturation, Increase Ca/phos Hypercalcemia
54
Cinacalcet
1/2 hyperparathyroidism (hypercalcemia) Sensitize CaSR --> Lower PTH Hypocalcemia
55
Sevelamer
hyperphosphatemia (renal failure) Phosphate binding polymer--> Decrease GI absorption

Drugs Endocrine (3 decks)

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