Endocrine

Question 1

Failure of the hypothalamus to secrets thyroid releasing hormones
What kind of HYPOTHYROIDISM

Answer 1

Tertiary hypothyroidism

Question 3

What is the diagnostic procedure for hypothyroidism?

Answer 3

Radioisotope scan and uptake -results are low uptake of iodine preparation

ECG - dysrhythmia, Bradycardia

Question 4

Secondary thyroidism

Answer 4

Dysfunction of the anterior pituitary gland

Decreased or within range tsh

Question 5

Dysfunction of the thyroid gland
Autoimmune thyroidism, use of meds that decrease the synthesis of thyroid hormone, loss of the thyroid gland
INCREASED TSH

Answer 5

PRIMARY HYPOTHYROIDISM

Question 6

What supplement interferes with the absorption of LEVOTHYROXINE (Synthroid) ?

Answer 6

Fiber supplements

Question 8

Medications that can accelerate the metabolism of levothyroxine?

Answer 8

Carbamazepine, phenytoin, rifampin,sertraline, & phenobarbital
Thus requiring an increase in dosage of levothyroxine

Question 10

What are expected lab findings of Cushing disease?

Answer 10

INCREASED cortisol,glucose,sodium, and salivary cortisol

DECREASED potassium,calcium, and lymphocytes

Medication therapy or adrenal cortex disorders =decreased ACTH

Hypersecretion of ACTH in anterior pituitary= INCREASED ACTH

Question 11

The insufficiency of cortisol and aldosterone is what disease?

Answer 11

Addison’s disease

Question 13

Expected T4 range (THYROXINE)

Answer 13

5-12 mcg/dL for women

4-12 mcg/dL for men

Question 14

Myxedema coma

Answer 14

Extreme hypothyroidism

Manifestations-respiratory failure, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, hypotension, bradycardia,dysrhythmia,coma

Question 15

Primary hypothyroidism?

Answer 15

Dysfunction of the thyroid gland
Autoimmune thyroidism, use of meds that decrease the synthesis of thyroid hormone, loss of the thyroid gland
INCREASED TSH

Question 20

EXPECTED T3 range (TRIIODOTHYRONINE)

Answer 20

70-205 ng/dL (ages 20-50)

40-180 (ages 50 and up)

Question 21

Labs for Addison’s disease (adrenal insufficiency)

Answer 21

Increased calcium, potassium, bun & creatinine

Decreased cortisol, sodium
Normal to decreased glucose

Question 22

What are the Rapid acting insulins? And the avg onset?

Answer 22

LAG
LISPRO, aspart, glulisine
Avg onset is 10-30 min
Should be taken before meals

Question 23

What are the short acting insulin? & its onset?

Answer 23

Regular insulin
30-60 min onset, taken before meals
2-4 hour peak

Question 24

What are the intermediate insulins and what is the onset & peak?

Answer 24

NPH is intermediate insulin
Onset of 1-2 hrs
Peak of 4-6 hrs
Once a day , same time every day

Question 25

What are the long acting insulins? Onset ? Peak?

Answer 25

Detemir & glargine
Dissolves slowly over 24 hrs
No peak but duration is 12-24 hrs

Question 26

Palpitations, shakiness, lighthededness are manifestations of??

Answer 26

Hypoglycemia manifestations

Question 27

Polyuria, fruity breath odor & blurred vision are manifestations of ?

Answer 27

Manifestations of Hyperglycemia

Question 28

Adrenal insufficiency manifestations?

Answer 28

Low sodium (hyponatremia), irritability, nausea, orthostatic hypotension, high potassium, hyperkalemia