Endocrine Flashcards
Failure of the hypothalamus to secrets thyroid releasing hormones
What kind of HYPOTHYROIDISM
Tertiary hypothyroidism
What is the diagnostic procedure for hypothyroidism?
Radioisotope scan and uptake -results are low uptake of iodine preparation
ECG - dysrhythmia, Bradycardia
Secondary thyroidism
Dysfunction of the anterior pituitary gland
Decreased or within range tsh
Dysfunction of the thyroid gland
Autoimmune thyroidism, use of meds that decrease the synthesis of thyroid hormone, loss of the thyroid gland
INCREASED TSH
PRIMARY HYPOTHYROIDISM
What supplement interferes with the absorption of LEVOTHYROXINE (Synthroid) ?
Fiber supplements
Medications that can accelerate the metabolism of levothyroxine?
Carbamazepine, phenytoin, rifampin,sertraline, & phenobarbital
Thus requiring an increase in dosage of levothyroxine
What are expected lab findings of Cushing disease?
INCREASED cortisol,glucose,sodium, and salivary cortisol
DECREASED potassium,calcium, and lymphocytes
Medication therapy or adrenal cortex disorders =decreased ACTH
Hypersecretion of ACTH in anterior pituitary= INCREASED ACTH
The insufficiency of cortisol and aldosterone is what disease?
Addison’s disease
Expected T4 range (THYROXINE)
5-12 mcg/dL for women
4-12 mcg/dL for men
Myxedema coma
Extreme hypothyroidism
Manifestations-respiratory failure, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, hypotension, bradycardia,dysrhythmia,coma
Primary hypothyroidism?
Dysfunction of the thyroid gland
Autoimmune thyroidism, use of meds that decrease the synthesis of thyroid hormone, loss of the thyroid gland
INCREASED TSH
EXPECTED T3 range (TRIIODOTHYRONINE)
70-205 ng/dL (ages 20-50)
40-180 (ages 50 and up)
Labs for Addison’s disease (adrenal insufficiency)
Increased calcium, potassium, bun & creatinine
Decreased cortisol, sodium
Normal to decreased glucose
What are the Rapid acting insulins? And the avg onset?
LAG
LISPRO, aspart, glulisine
Avg onset is 10-30 min
Should be taken before meals
What are the short acting insulin? & its onset?
Regular insulin
30-60 min onset, taken before meals
2-4 hour peak
What are the intermediate insulins and what is the onset & peak?
NPH is intermediate insulin
Onset of 1-2 hrs
Peak of 4-6 hrs
Once a day , same time every day
What are the long acting insulins? Onset ? Peak?
Detemir & glargine
Dissolves slowly over 24 hrs
No peak but duration is 12-24 hrs
Palpitations, shakiness, lighthededness are manifestations of??
Hypoglycemia manifestations
Polyuria, fruity breath odor & blurred vision are manifestations of ?
Manifestations of Hyperglycemia
Adrenal insufficiency manifestations?
Low sodium (hyponatremia), irritability, nausea, orthostatic hypotension, high potassium, hyperkalemia
