endocrine Flashcards
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
permanent loss of thyroid function
what do end-stage kidney disease and hyperthyroidism have in common?
Clients who have chronic kidney disease do not completely activate vitamin D and poorly absorb calcium from the GI tract. They are chronically hypocalcemic, and this triggers overstimulation of the parathyroid glands. The other factors do not place a client at higher risk for hyperparathyroidism.
Hyper or Hypo thyroidism is at greater risk for fractures?
Hyperparathyroidism causes increased resorption of calcium from the bones
parathyroidectomy affects ____ to increase or decrease?
calcium levels to decrease, hypocalcemia
How do you test for hypocalcemia?
Trousseau’s sign
what is the outcome of giving a patient vasopressin for diabetes insipidus
Urine output is decreased; specific gravity is increased.
Treatments for an acute adrenal crisis (addisonian crisis)
intravenous injections of hydrocortisone, saline, and dextrose
would you expect an increase or decrease in sodium, potassium, and pH in a patient with hypoaldosteronism?
Hyperaldosteronism causes hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis
nursing care of surgery of pituitary gland
neuro checks fluid balance, output larger than input do not cough, blow, nose, or sneeze Do use dental floss and oral mouth rinse rather than toothbrush do not bend at waist avoid straining and constipation
Patient has headaches after hypophysectomy, what is this an indication of?
CSF leakage
Hormones that come from the anterior pituitary?
TSH
ACTH
FSH,LH
What happens to urine output when you are lacking ADH?
urine output high, osmolality low
secondary DI is caused by…
brain tumor, injury, surgery
neurogenic primary DI is caused by?
defect in hypothalmus or pituitary gland
explain nephrogenic DI
You have adequate ADH, but a decreased response of the kidneys to it.Lithium , which is used for psychiatric mood disorders interferes with the response of the kidneys to ADH, which can cause thirst and frequent urination.
treatment of central DI
desmopressin acetate (DDAVP), vasopressin (aqueous Pitressin)
treatment of nephrogenic DI?
Chlorpromazine (Diabinese), thiazide diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide)
Diet for DI?
high fiber, fruit juices, no caffeine
signs and symptoms of SIADH?
Na
Seizures and SIADH???? please explain
decreased Na
What type of IV fluids would you give a patient with SIADH?
hypertonic saline (3%)
Treatments for SIADH
salt tablets
fluid restriction
vasopressin receptor antagonists
Tube feeds and SIADH?
flush with normal saline
what is the purpose of Iodine Solution (SSKI-Saturated solution of potassium iodide)?
Creates high levels of iodide that reduces iodine uptake by the thyroid gland
