Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PhyAna Lec Seeley's > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

These are the functions of endocrine system

A 
Growth, metabolism, and tissue maturation
Blood Glucose
Water Balance
Ion Concentration
Heart rate and blood pressure
Immune function
Uterine contractions and milk release
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Molecules released from one location that move to another location to produce a response

A

Chemical signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Secreted by cells in a local area
Influences the activity of the same cell type from w/c it was secreted

ex. Eicosanoids

A

Autocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Produced by a wide variety of tissues and secreted into tissue spaces
Localized effect on other tissues

ex. Somatostatin histamine, Eicosanoids

A

Paracrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Secreted into the blood by specialized cells
Travels some distance to target tissues
Influences specific activities

ex. Thyroid hormones, growth hormone, insulin, epinephrine, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone

A

Hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Produced by neurons and functions as a hormone

ex. Oxytocin, antidieuretic, hypothalamic-releasing and inhibiting

A

Neurohormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Produced by neurons and secreted into extracellular spaces by presynaptic nerve terminals
Travels short distances
Influences postsynaptic cells

ex. Acetylcholine, Epinephrine

A

Neurotransmitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Secreted into the environment
Modifies physiology and behavior of other individuals of the same species

ex. Released by humans and many other animals

A

Pheromone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

hallu

A

hallu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Secrete their products into ducts which exit the glands and carry the secretory products to an external/int. surface such as skin or digestive tract.

A

Exocrine Gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hormone in this category bind to membrane-bound receptors

A

Water-soluble Hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The portion of each receptor molecule where a hormone binds

A

Receptor Site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the hormones in ANTERIOR Pituitary Gland?

A 
Growth Hormone
Thyroid-stimulating (TSH)
Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)
Melanocyte-stimulating (MSH)
Luteinizing (LH)
Follicle-stimulating (FSH)
Prolactin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Target Tissue: Ovary and Testis

Promotes ovulation and progesterone & promotes testosterone synthesis and support for sperm cell

A

Luteinizing Hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Target Tissue: Thyroid Gland

Increases thyroid hormone secretion

A

Thyroid-stimulating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Target Tissue: Adrenal Cortex
Increases secretion in glucocorticoid hormones
Increases skin pigmentation

A

Adrenocorticotropic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Target Tissue: Ovary and mammary gland & testis
Stimulates milk production and prolongs progesterone secretion
Increases sensitivity to LH in males

A

Prolactin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Target Tissue: Melanocytes in skin

Increases melanin production in melanocytes to make skin darker in color

A

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Target Tissue: Follicle in ovary & Seminiferous tubules in males
Promotes follicle maturation and estrogen secretion in ovary
Promotes sperm cell production

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Target Tissue: Most tissues
Increases gene experession, breakdown of lipids
Release fatty acids
Increase blood glucose levels

A

Growth Hormone

21
Q

Target Tissue: Kidney

Conserves water

A

Antidieuretic hormone (ADH) (Posterior)

22
Q

Target Tissue: Uterus & Mammary gland
Increases uterine contractions
Increases milk letdown from mammary gland

A

Oxytocin (Posterior)

23
Q

Target Tissue: Primarily bone
Decreases rate of bone breakdown
Prevents large increase in blood Ca2+ levelsx

A

Calcitonin

24
Q

Target Tissue: Most cells of the body
Increases metabolic rates
Essential for normal process of growth and maturation

A

Thyroid hormones

25
What are the hormones in thyroid gland?
TH | Calcitonin
26
Target Tissue: Bone, kidney Increases bone breakdown Maintenance of normal blood calcium levels
Parathyroid H
27
Target Tissue: Heart, blood vessels, liver, fat cells Increases cardiac output Prepares body for physical activity
Epinephrine and some norepinephrine (ADRENAL MEDULLA)
28
Target Tissue: Kidneys, sweat glands Increase rate of Na transport into the body Increase K excretion Water retention
Mineralocorticoids (ADRENAL CORTEX) (1st Class)
29
``` Target Tissue: Most tissues Increase fat and protein breakdown Increase glucose synthesis Increase blood nutrient levels Inhibit inflammation and immune response ```
Glucocorticoids (ADRENAL MEDULLA) (2nd class)
30
Target Tissue: Most tissues Insignificant in males Increase female sexual drive ' Growth of pubic hair and axillary hair
Adrenal Androgens (ADRENAL MEDULLA) (3rd class)
31
Target Tissue: Liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue | Increases uptake and use of glucose and amino acids
Insulin (PANCREAS)
32
Target Tissue: Primarily liver | Increases breakdown of glycogen and release glucose into the circulatory system
Glucagon (PANCREAS)
33
Target Tissue: Most Tissues Aids in sperm cell prod. Maintenance of functional reproductive organs Sexual behavior
Testosterone (TESTES; REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS)
34
Target Tissue: Most tissues Aid in uterine and mammary gland development External genitalia structure Mestrual cycle
Estrogens, progesterone (OVARIES; REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS)
35
Target Tissue: Most tissues Mediate inflammatory responses Inc uterine contractions and ovulation
Prostaglandins (UTERUS, OVARIES, INFLAMED TISSUES; REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS)
36
Target Tissue: Immune tissues | Promotes immune system development and function
Thymosin (THYMUS)
37
Target Tissue: Hypothalamus Inhibits secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone Inhibiting reproduction
Melatonin (PINEAL GLAND)
38
hormones that bind to membrane-bound receptors on the cells of the gonads (ovaries and testes)
Gonadotropins
39
A lack of thyroid hormones is called HYPOTHYROIDISM. In infants, it can result to ________, characterized by mental retardation, short stature, abnormally formed skeletal structure
Cretinism
40
It is the accumulation of fluid and other molecules in the subcutaneous tissue
Myxedema
41
Contains for iodine atoms (T4)
Thyroxine or tetraiodothyronine
42
2 iodine atoms (T3)
Triidothyronine
43
Major hormones of mineralcorticoids Causes Na and H2O to be retained in the body and increases the rate at which K are eliminated
Aldosterone
44
Low blood pressure causes the release of a protein molecule called _______
Renin
45
Renin which acts a enzyme causes a blood protein called
Angiotensinogen
46
The endocrine part of the pancreas consist of __________ | This secretes- insulin and glucagon - which help regulate the blood levels of nutrients esp glucose
Pancreatic Islets
47
Cells of the pancreatic islets secrete glucagon
Alpha Cells
48
Secrete insulin
Beta Cells
49
The thymus secretes a hormone called _______ Which enhances the function of the immune system Which aids development of WBC called T cells
Thymosin

PhyAna Lec Seeley's (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions