Endocrine

Question 1

Which hormone initiates and sustains spermatogenesis in males?
A) LH
B) FSH
C) Testosterone
D) GnRH

Answer 1

B) FSH

Question 2

In males, LH primarily functions to:
A) Stimulate spermatogenesis in Sertoli cells.
B) Promote the development of secondary sexual characteristics.
C) Regulate testosterone production in Leydig cells.
D) Inhibit FSH secretion through a feedback loop

Answer 2

Answer: C) Regulate testosterone production in Leydig cells

Question 3

Gonadal failure in males leads to an increase in LH levels primarily due to:
A) Increased androgen production.
B) Loss of negative feedback from androgens.
C) Increased GnRH production in the hypothalamus.
D) Increased FSH levels.

Answer 3

Answer: B) Loss of negative feedback from androgens

Question 4

What is the main role of FSH in the female reproductive system?
A) Triggering ovulation.
B) Stimulating the production of androgen.
C) Promoting follicle growth and maturation.
D) Controlling progesterone production.

Answer 4

Answer: C) Promoting follicle growth and maturation

Question 5

In females, which hormone triggers ovulation and corpus luteum formation?
A) FSH
B) Estrogen
C) GnRH
D) LH

Answer 5

Answer: D) LH

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true about the HPG axis?
A) GnRH is synthesized in the anterior pituitary gland.
B) FSH and LH control gonadal function in both males and females.
C) FSH is only produced in males.
D) LH only affects testosterone production in females.

Answer 6

Answer: B) FSH and LH control gonadal function in both males and females

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of progesterone in the luteal phase?
A) Promotes the release of GnRH from the hypothalamus.
B) Maintains the growth of the uterine endometrium.
C) Inhibits LH production to prevent ovulation.
D) Increases cervical secretions to enhance sperm entry.

Answer 7

Answer: B) Maintains the growth of the uterine endometrium

Question 8

What effect does the male contraceptive pill YCT-529 have on sperm production?
A) Blocks the CatSper channel to prevent motility.
B) Acts as an RAR-alpha inhibitor to block vitamin A access.
C) Inhibits GnRH release in the hypothalamus.
D) Increases LH production to prevent sperm maturation.

Answer 8

Answer: B) Acts as an RAR-alpha inhibitor to block vitamin A access

Question 9

Which phase of the menstrual cycle is characterized by a rapid increase in estradiol and LH?
A) Follicular phase
B) Ovulation
C) Luteal phase
D) Menstrual phase

Answer 9

Answer: B) Ovulation

Question 10

During the follicular phase, which cells produce testosterone, which is then converted to estrogen?
A) Leydig cells
B) Theca interna cells
C) Granulosa cells
D) Corpus luteum cells

Answer 10

Answer: B) Theca interna cells

Question 11

The primary role of kisspeptin in the male reproductive system is to:
A) Directly stimulate spermatogenesis.
B) Inhibit LH and FSH release.
C) Regulate GnRH secretion.
D) Maintain negative feedback to control androgen levels.

Answer 11

Answer: C) Regulate GnRH secretion

Question 12

Which hormone directly inhibits FSH production in males?
A) Testosterone
B) LH
C) GnRH
D) Inhibin

Answer 12

Answer: D) Inhibin

Question 13

The emergency contraceptive pill primarily prevents pregnancy by:
A) Inhibiting sperm motility.
B) Preventing the implantation of a fertilized egg.
C) Blocking LH release.
D) Increasing cervical mucus viscosity.

Answer 13

Answer: B) Preventing the implantation of a fertilized egg

Question 14

Which type of IUD uses copper to prevent pregnancy?
A) Levonorgestrel 20 mcg
B) Levonorgestrel 14 mcg
C) Copper IUD
D) Hormonal IUD

Answer 14

Answer: C) Copper IUD

Question 15

In the production of sperm, the process of remodeling spermatids into motile spermatozoa is called:
A) Meiosis
B) Spermiogenesis
C) Spermatogenesis
D) Mitosis

Answer 15

Answer: B) Spermiogenesis

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a phase in the clinical drug trial process?
A) Phase 1: Testing on healthy volunteers
B) Phase 2: Testing on a large sample of healthy volunteers
C) Phase 3: Testing on patients against a control treatment
D) Phase 4: Post-marketing surveillance for long-term effects

Answer 16

Answer: B) Phase 2: Testing on a large sample of healthy volunteers

Question 17

In the female reproductive system, at what stage is the secondary oocyte released?
A) Follicular phase
B) Luteal phase
C) Ovulation
D) Menstrual phase

Answer 17

Answer: C) Ovulation

Question 18

What is the role of FSH in the male reproductive system?
A) Stimulates Leydig cells to produce testosterone.
B) Controls androgen synthesis in the testes.
C) Sustains spermatogenesis by acting on Sertoli cells.
D) Inhibits GnRH release

Answer 18

Answer: C) Sustains spermatogenesis by acting on Sertoli cells

Question 19

Which of the following is true about progesterone-only contraceptive pills?
A) They reduce FSH levels but do not affect LH levels.
B) They prevent the formation of the corpus luteum.
C) They primarily work by thickening cervical mucus.
D) They rely on estrogen to inhibit ovulation.

Answer 19

Answer: C) They primarily work by thickening cervical mucus

Question 20

Oogenesis differs from spermatogenesis in that:
A) Oogenesis produces four functional gametes.
B) Only oogenesis involves mitotic proliferation.
C) Oogenesis includes a meiotic arrest before birth.
D) Spermatogenesis is completed before birth.

Answer 20

Answer: C) Oogenesis includes a meiotic arrest before birth