Endocrine Flashcards
What are the first and second messenger system of our body?
1st: nervous system
2nd: endocrine system
Chemical messages used in endocrine system
Hormones
Several major processes controlled by the hormones
Reproduction
Growth and development
Mobilization of body defenses
Maintenance of much of homeostasis
Regulation of metabolism
Hormones are produced by
Specialized cells
Cells secretes hormones into?
Extracellular fluids
Blood transfer hormones into the
target sites
regulate the activity of
other cells
Hormones
Types or the chemistry of hormones
Amino acid-based hormones
* Proteins
*Peptides
*Amines
Steroids – made from cholesterol
Prostaglandins – made from highly
active lipids
Hormone only affects:
Target tissue or organ
Target cells must have this for binding
Specific protein receptors
It influences the work of cell
Hormone binding
Steroid is diffused in the
Plasma membrane of target cells
2 glands of the adrenal glands
Adrenal medulla
Adrenal cortex
Hormones produced by the adrenal medulla
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Hormones produced by the adrenal cortex
Mineralocorticoid
*aldosterone
Glucocorticoid
*cortisone
*cortisol
*corticosterone
Gonadocorticoids
*Androgens
*estrogens
Hormones produced by the anterior pituitary gland
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) &Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Growth hormone (GH)
Prolactin (PRL)
Hormones produced by the posterior pituitary
Oxytocin
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Hormones produced by the pineal gland
Melatonin
Hormones produced by the thyroid gland
Thyroid hormones
*T4 - thyroxine
*T3 - triiodothyronine
Calcitonin
Hormones produced by the parathyroid gland
Parathyroid hormones (PTH)
Hormones produced by the thymus
Thymopoietin
Thymosin
Thymulin
Hormones produced by the pancreas
Insulin
*produced in beta cells
Glucagon
*produced in alpha cells
It is the 3 major group of steroid hormones produced in the adrenal medulla
Corticosteroids
Hormones produced by the Ovary
Estrogen
*produced by Graafian follicles
Progesteron
*produced by the corpus luteum
