Endocrine

Question 1

An infant exhibits new onset jitteriness, tachypnea, and a weak suck. The priority nursing intervention is to
A. perform a capillary blood glucose test.
B. administer supplemental oxygen.
C. warm the child with radiant heat or forced air.
D. align the head to optimize airway patency.

Answer 1

A. perform a capillary blood glucose test.

Question 2

A 12-year-old child admitted for diabetic ketoacidosis complains of feeling suddenly "dizzy and sweaty." The nurse anticipates administering
A. intravenous dextrose 25%
B. intramuscular glucagon
C. subcutaneous regular insulin
D. oral orange or apple juice

Answer 2

D. oral orange or apple juice

Question 3

Which findings would suggest a child is experiencing diabetes insipidus?
A. Increased serum sodium and decreased urine osmolality
B. Decreased serum sodium and increased urine osmolality
C. Increased serum sodium and increased urine osmolality
D. Decreased serum sodium and decreased urine osmolality

Answer 3

A. Increased serum sodium and decreased urine osmolality

Question 4

A child with new onset diabetes was admitted in diabetic ketoacidosis with a blood glucose level of 520 g/dL. The most recent capillary glucose measurement was 250 g/dL. The nurse anticipates administrating
A. insulin via continuous infusion
B. a dextrose-containing IV solution
C. 1 mEq/kg of sodium bicarbonate
D. subcutaneous regular insulin

Answer 4

B. a dextrose-containing IV solution

Question 5

A 2-month-old infant with a suspected glycogen storage disease is admitted for hypotonia, emesis, poor feeding, and increased work of breathing. Serum glucose level is 72 g/dL. Venous blood gas values are: pH 7.24, PaCO2 35mm Hg; PaO2 69 mm Hg; HCO3 9 mEq/L; base deficit -16.9. These results are consistent with 
A. ketosis
B. metabolic acidosis
C. hypoglycemia
D. respiratory acidosis

Answer 5

B. metabolic acidosis

Question 6

A home-birthed 8-month-old infant who has never had medical care is admitted for phenylketonuria. The child is most likely to exhibit signs of 
A. neuronal injury
B. renal failure
C. chronic lung disease
D. failure to thrive

Answer 6

A. neuronal injury

Question 7

A mechanically ventilated child begins to exhibit seizure activity. Electrolytes levels are: sodium 118 mEq/L; potassium 3.4 mEq/L; calcium 8.9 mEq/L, magnesium 2.1 mEq/L. The most likely etiology of this patient’s seizures is
A. neurogenic diabetes insipidus
B. cerebral salt wasting syndrome
C. nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
D. syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release

Answer 7

D. syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release