Endocarditis/Pericarditis Flashcards

1
Q

What is endocarditis?

A

A rare, serious infection of the lining of the heart and heart valves

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2
Q

What are the 2 types of Endocarditis?

A
  1. Infective Endocarditis (IE)

2. Non-infective (NBTE)

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3
Q

What are the common symptoms of Infective Endocarditis?

A

Flu-like (fever, cough, fatigue)
Weight-loss
Pale skin (anaemia)
Muscle and Joint ache

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4
Q

What are the clinical signs of infective endocarditis?

A
Heart Murmur
Splinter haemorrhages
Janeway lesions
Osler nodes
Roth spots
Splenomegaly
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5
Q

What tests would you do on someone suspected of Infective Endocarditis?

A

Blood Culture
Echocardiogram (look for valvular vegetations)
Rheumatoid factor (+ve in IE)

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6
Q

What system is used to establish a diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis?

A

Duke’s Criteria

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7
Q

What are the common causative organisms for Infective Endocarditis?

A

Bacterial:
Staph aureus
Strep viridans
Enterococci

Fungi:
Candida albicans

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8
Q

What are the risk factors for Infective Endocarditis?

A
DM, IVDU, HIV, Chronic Liver disease
Artificial valves
Congenital cardiac conditions
Chronic Rheumatic heart disease
Poor dental hygiene / recent dental operation
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9
Q

How do you treat infective endocarditis?

A

In acute: IV Vancomycin and Ceftriaxone

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10
Q

What are the risk factors for non-infective endocarditis (NBTE) ?

A
Previous rheumatic fever
Hypercoagulable states (sepsis, pregnancy)
Malignant cancers
SLE
Trauma
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