Endocarditis/Pericarditis Flashcards
What is endocarditis?
A rare, serious infection of the lining of the heart and heart valves
What are the 2 types of Endocarditis?
- Infective Endocarditis (IE)
2. Non-infective (NBTE)
What are the common symptoms of Infective Endocarditis?
Flu-like (fever, cough, fatigue)
Weight-loss
Pale skin (anaemia)
Muscle and Joint ache
What are the clinical signs of infective endocarditis?
Heart Murmur Splinter haemorrhages Janeway lesions Osler nodes Roth spots Splenomegaly
What tests would you do on someone suspected of Infective Endocarditis?
Blood Culture
Echocardiogram (look for valvular vegetations)
Rheumatoid factor (+ve in IE)
What system is used to establish a diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis?
Duke’s Criteria
What are the common causative organisms for Infective Endocarditis?
Bacterial:
Staph aureus
Strep viridans
Enterococci
Fungi:
Candida albicans
What are the risk factors for Infective Endocarditis?
DM, IVDU, HIV, Chronic Liver disease Artificial valves Congenital cardiac conditions Chronic Rheumatic heart disease Poor dental hygiene / recent dental operation
How do you treat infective endocarditis?
In acute: IV Vancomycin and Ceftriaxone
What are the risk factors for non-infective endocarditis (NBTE) ?
Previous rheumatic fever Hypercoagulable states (sepsis, pregnancy) Malignant cancers SLE Trauma