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Endo/Repro > Endo/Repro Anatomy > Flashcards

Endo/Repro Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Ilium

A

Upper 2/5th of acetabulum - articulates posteriorly with sacrum

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2
Q

Ischium

A

Posterior-Inferior 2/5 of acetabulum - superior and inferior rams form the obturator foramen

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3
Q

Pubis

A

Superior rams forms anterior 1/5th of acetabulum

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4
Q

Describe the pubic symphysis joint

A

Fibrocartilaginous disc linking the pubis bones, only site of movement especially during pregnancy

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5
Q

Describe the sacroiliac joints

A

Synovial joints, reinforced by anterior, posterior, and interosseous SI ligaments, additional reinforcement by sacrotuberous lig
Movement primarily gliding but can be rotary, interosseous and sacrotuberous resist rotary movement

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6
Q

Path of sacrotuberous ligament

A

From sacrum to the pubic tuberosity

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7
Q

Which ligaments resist rotary movement of the pelvis?

A

Interosseous and sacrotuberous

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8
Q

Describe the terminal line and what lies above/below

A

Runs along the iliopubic eminence (pubic and iliac bones) completed posteriorly by rounded angle btw base and pelvic surface of the sacrum
False (major) lies above the line
True (minor) lies below the line
Pelvic inlet runs in the plane of the line
Pelvic outlet is the irregular lower border

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9
Q

Describe the pelvis in the normal erect position

A

Tips 50-60 degrees from the horizontal
Base of sacrum is 4 in higher than the symphysis
ASIS and symphysis pubis lie in about the same line

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10
Q

Compare the female pelvis to the male pelvis

A

Shallower major pelvis with everted anterior crests
Shallower wider minor pelvis with greater diameter
Everted sciatic tubers
Broader sacrum with less curve
Superior aperture more oval
Subpubic angle greater (angle formed by pubic symphysis

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11
Q

Android

A

Most common male - heart shaped pelvic inlet (30% females)

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12
Q

Anthropoid

A

2nd most common male - exaggerated anterior/posterior inlet (20% female)

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13
Q

Gynecoid

A

Most common female - slightly oval inlet (47% female)

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14
Q

Platypelloid

A

Least common both sexes - transverse inlet diameter (3% female)

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15
Q

The usual site of pelvic constriction is where?

A

Superior

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16
Q

True conjugate

A

Sacrovertebral angle to superior margin of symphysis

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17
Q

Diagonal conjugate

A

Sacroverterbral angle to inferior margin of symphysis

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18
Q

Transverse (Superior)

A

Greatest width of superior aperature

19
Q

Oblique

A

Sacroiliiac articulation of one side to iliopectineal eminence of the other side

20
Q

Transverse (Inferior)

A

Btw inner surfaces of ischial tuberosity

21
Q

Ant sagittal

A

Transverse diameter to symphysis

22
Q

Post sagittal

A

Transverse diameter to sacrococcygeal junction

23
Q

Obturator internus m.

A

O: inner surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bony rim
I: greater trochanter
A: External rotation of thigh
In: N. to obturator internus
Leaves pelvis as tendon passing around margin of lesser sciatic notch - covered by heavy obturator fascia from which levator ahi arises

24
Q

Piriformis m.

A

O: sacrum
I: greater trochanter
A: external rotation and abduction of thigh
Leaves pelvis passing thought greater sciatic foramen

25
Q

The pelvic diaphragm is made up of what 2 muscles?

A

Levator anim. and coccygeus m.

26
Q

Levator ani - pubococcygeus m.

A 
O: pubis
I: coccyx and anococcygeal lig
A: supports pelvic visera
In: perineal branches of S3, S4
Anterior to rectum the right and left portions are separated - separation bridged by connective tissue, urethra of both sexes passes through this opening
27
Q

Levator ani - iliococcygeus m.

A

O: Arcus tendineus (obt fascia btw pubis and spine)
I:coccyx and anococcygeal lig
A: supports pelvic viscera
In: perineal branches of S3, S4

28
Q

Levator ani - puborectalis m.

A

O: pubis
I: puborectalis from opposite side on posterior side of rectum
A: supports pelvic visera, maintains anorectal junction
In: perineal branches of S3, S4
Lying along upper surface of pubococcygeus m.

29
Q

Coccygeus m.

A 
O: ischial spine, sacrotub lig 
I: coccyx and lower part of sacrum 
A: supports pelvic visera 
In: S4, S5 ventral rami 
Most posterior m. of pelvic diaphragm
30
Q

Urinary tract elements

A

Anteriorly placed structures:
Pelvic portion of ureter
Urinary bladder

31
Q

GI tract elements

A

Posteriorly placed structures:
Rectum
Anal canal

32
Q

Reproductive organs

A

Lie btw urinary tract and GI elements
Male - pelvic vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland
Female - vagina, uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries

33
Q

Inner walls and floor of pelvis

A

Consists of membranous lining and loose connective tissue surrounding pelvic contents
Fills space btw peritoneum and muscles

34
Q

Peritoneum of pelvis

A

Does not contact floor and walls of pelvis but is draped over superior aspects of structures in pelvis, forming distinct pouches and folds

35
Q

Rectovesical pouch

A

Male btw rectum and bladder

36
Q

Rectouterine pouch

A

Female btw rectum and uterus

37
Q

Vesicouterine pouch

A

Female btw superior aspect of urinary bladder and the uterus

38
Q

Broad ligament

A

Found only in females - reaches laterally across pelvis, folded over uterus, formed during formation of uterus and vagina from paramesonephric ducts

39
Q

Boundaries of the perineum

A

Ant: pubis
Lateal: ischiopubic rami and ischial tuberosities
Post: coccyx and caudal sacrum
Post lat: sacrotuberous lig
Sup: separated from pelvic cavity by pelvic diaphragm

40
Q

Urogenital diaphragm

A

Stretches ant btw 2 ischiopubic rami creating urogenital and anal regions

41
Q

Perineum

A

Anatomically area btw coccyx and pubis, often used to refer to central tendon of females

42
Q

Anal triangle boundaries

A

Ant: post edge of urogenital diaphragm
Post: boundaries of perineum
Lat: ischippubic rami and obt int m. below the arcs tendineus
Sup: roof formed by inf aspect of pelvic diaphragm
Inf: Skin and superficial fascia of perineum

43
Q

Ischioanal fossa - boundaries

A

Filled with adipose tissue

Endo/Repro (1 decks)

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